Near infrared light-driven liquid crystal phase transition enabled by hydrophobic mesogen grafted plasmonic gold nanorods
作者:Karla G. Gutierrez-Cuevas、Ling Wang、Chenming Xue、Gautam Singh、Satyendra Kumar、Augustine Urbas、Quan Li
DOI:10.1039/c5cc02127h
日期:——
The photothermal effect of the embedded plasmonic gold nanorods can introduce the phase transition of thermotropic liquid crystals upon near infrared laser irradiation.
A process for effectively producing a 4-(4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzaldehyde, 4-(cyclohexyl)benzaldehyde, a 4-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzaldehyde and a (trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzene useful for electronic material applications such as liquid crystals and for pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications, etc., are disclosed. The present invention provides (1) a process for producing a 4-(4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzaldehyde or 4-(cyclohexyl)benzaldehyde by formylating a (4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzene or cyclohexylbenzene with carbon monoxide, (2) a process for producing a 4-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzaldehyde by formylating a (4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzene having a cis/trans molar ratio of 0.3 or less with carbon monoxide, and (3) a process for producing a (trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzene by isomerizing a mixture of the cis and trans isomers of a (4-alkylcyclohexyl)benzene, all of the processes being performed in the presence of HF and BF
3
.
Disclosed are compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R is alkyl or alkoxy and R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, cyano or nitro and where ring N is a benzene or saturated cyclohexane ring. The compounds of the invention are compatible and useful in admixture with the general classes of cyanophenyl dioxane and/or cyclohexyl dioxane type liquid crystalline compounds to provide a broad nematic temperature range mixture with advantageous electrooptical and other properties. Novel admixtures including preferably at least about 30 weight percent of the compounds of the invention are disclosed. Preferred admixtures also include at least about 30 weight percent of cyanophenyl dioxanes and at least about 20 weight percent of cyclohexyl dioxanes.