Synthesis of disubstituted sparteine derivatives and their diperchlorate salts was performed. Their IR and NMR spectra were analysed to determine the structure of these compounds, as well as the substituent and the protonation effects. It was shown that both unsaturated (2,17β-dimethyl-2,3-didehydrosparteine (12), 17β-isopropyl-2-methyl-2,3-didehydrosparteine (13)) and saturated (2,17β-dimethylsparteine (14), 17β-isopropyl-2-methylsparteine (15)) newly obtained sparteine derivatives have the same configurational-conformational system: trans A/B chair/chair, trans C/D boat/chair. The methyl and the isopropyl (both equatorial) groups at C-17 appear the elements stabilizing the boat-chair system of the C/D rings, which does not change either on the introduction of the second substituent to the opposite quinolizidine system (the A/B rings) or on protonation. The protonation of the free bases obtained gives only disalts. The atoms undergoing the protonation are either C-3 and N-16 in 12 and 13 or both nitrogen atoms (N-1 and N-16) in 14 and 15. The methyl group introduced on the carbon atom C-2 takes equatorial position, as in 2-methylsparteine (2).
进行了二取代斯巴旦衍
生物及其二
氯酸盐的合成。分析了它们的红外光谱和核磁共振光谱,以确定这些化合物的结构,取代基和质子化效应。结果表明,新获得的不饱和(2,17β-二甲基-2,3-二去氢斯巴旦(
12),17β-异丙基-2-甲基-2,3-二去氢斯巴旦(
13))和饱和(2,17β-二甲基斯巴旦(
14),17β-异丙基-2-甲基斯巴旦(
15))的斯巴旦衍
生物具有相同的构象构象系统:
trans A/B 椅/椅,
trans C/D 船/椅。C-17上的甲基和异丙基(均为顺式)基团似乎稳定了C/D环的船/椅系统,无论在对位的奎诺利啉系统(A/B环)引入第二个取代基还是在质子化时都不会改变。所得到的自由碱质子化只会给出二重盐。在
12和
13中,接受质子化的原子是C-3和N-16,而在
14和
15中,接受质子化的原子是两个氮原子(N-1和N-16)。在碳原子C-2上引入的甲基取顺式位置,与2-甲基斯巴旦(
2)相同。