The effect of Cr on the solubility of Al in orthopyroxene: experiments and thermodynamic modelling
作者:Stephan Klemme、Hugh StC O'Neill
DOI:10.1007/s004100000140
日期:2000.11
The partitioning of chromium and aluminium between coexisting orthopyroxene and spinel in equilibrium with forsterite in the system MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-Cr2O3 (MAS-Cr) has been experimentally determined as a function of temperature, pressure and Cr/(Cr + Al) ratio. Experiments were conducted at temperatures between 1300 and 1500 degreesC and at pressures from 5 to 54 kbar. Previous experimental results on the(Al, Cr)(2)O-3 and Mg(AI, CT)(2)O-4 solid solutions have been combined with the present results plus relevant data from the CMAS system to derive a thermodynamic model for Al-Cr-bearing orthopyroxenes, spinels and corundum-eskolaite solid solutions. The orthopyroxene solid solution can be modelled within the accuracy of all experimental constraints as a ternary solid solution involving the components Mg2Si2O6 ( E), MgAl2SiO6 (M) and MgCr2SiO6 (C), in which the activities are related to composition through the equations:RT ln(a(Mg2Si2O6)(opx)) = RT ln(X-E(opx)) + W-EM(opx)(X-E(opx)) + W-EC(opx)(X-C(opx))(2) + (W-EM(opx) + W-EC(opx) - W-MC(opx))(XMXCopx)-X-opxRT ln(a(Mg2Si2O6)(opx)) = RT ln((X-M(opx))(2)/(X-M(opx) + X-C(opx))) + W-EM(opx)(X-E(opx))(2) + W-MC(opx)(X-C(opx))(2) + (W-EM(opx) + W-MC(opx) -W-EC(opx))(XEXCopx)-X-opxRT ln(a(MgCr2SiO6)(opx)) = RT ln((X-C(opx))(2)/(X-M(opx) + X-C(opx))) + W-MC(opx)(X-M(opx))(2) + W-EC(opx)(X-E(opx))(2) + (W-MC(opx) + W-EC(opx) -W-EM(opx))(XMXEopx)-X-opxThe mole fractions are defined asX-E(opx) = (1 - n(Al)/2 - n(Cr)/2), X-M(opx) = (n(Al)/2) and X-C(opx) = (n(Cr)/2),where n(Al) and n(Cr) are the number of Al and Cr cations per orthopyroxene formula unit of six oxygens. These expressions reduce to one-site mixing for Mg2Si2O6MgAl2SiO6 orthopyroxenes in the Cr-free system, but are equivalent to two-site mixing for the exchange of Al and Cr between orthopyroxene and spinel, as required by the experimental data. We find W-EM(opx) = W-EC(opx) = 20 kJ mol(-1) and W-MC(opx) = 0.