Cross-couplings of alkyl halides with heteroaromatic halides, in water at room temperature
摘要:
Zn-mediated, Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between heteroaromatic and alkyl halides can be done at room temperature in pure water using a commercially available Pd catalyst and PTS, a nanomicelle-forming amphiphile. Notably, zinc metal inserts selectively into a carbon sp(3)-halide bond, while palladium adds oxidatively to a carbon sp(2)-bond. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Zn-Mediated, Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings in Water at Room Temperature <i>Without</i> Prior Formation of Organozinc Reagents
作者:Arkady Krasovskiy、Christophe Duplais、Bruce H. Lipshutz
DOI:10.1021/ja906803t
日期:2009.11.4
Mix in water, stir. That is all that is required in this new approach to sp(3)-sp(2) cross-couplings between an alkyl iodide and an aryl bromide, both potentially bearing functionality. They react under catalysis by Pd(0) in the presence of zinc powder, aided by a nonionic amphiphile, to give the alkylated aromatic. No organic solvents and no heating; just add water.
C–C Bond Formation via Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition Reactions to Enones in Water at Room Temperature
作者:Bruce H. Lipshutz、Shenlin Huang、Wendy Wen Yi Leong、Guofu Zhong、Nicholas A. Isley
DOI:10.1021/ja309409e
日期:2012.12.12
Conjugate addition reactions to enones can now be done in water at roomtemperature with in situ generated organocopper reagents. Mixing an enone, zinc powder, TMEDA, and an alkyl halide in a micellar environemnt containing catalytic amounts of Cu(I), Ag(I), and Au(III) leads to 1,4-adducts in good isolated yields: no organometallic precursor need be formed.