Synthesis of fluorescent lactosylceramide stereoisomers
摘要:
The intracellular distribution of synthetic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) bearing a fluorophore can be monitored in living cells by fluorescence microscopy. We reported previously that variation in the length of the long-chain base and in the structure of the carbohydrate-containing polar head group of (2S,3R) (or D-erythro-)-beta-lactosylceramide (LacCer) did not alter the mechanism of endocytic uptake from the plasma membrane of various mammalian cell types [Singh, R.D., Puri, V., Valiyaveettil, J.T., Marks, D.L., Bittman, R., Pagano, R.E., 2003. Selective caveolin-l-dependent endocytosis of glycosphingolipids. Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 3254-3265]. To extend our examination of the molecular features in LacCer that are responsible for its uptake by the caveolar-requiring endocytic pathway, we have synthesized the three unnatural stereoisomers [(2R,3R)-, (2S,3S)-, and (2R,3S)] of dipyrromethene difluoride (BODIPY (TM))-LacCer. These analogues will be used to probe the role of stereochemistry in the long-chain base of LacCer in the mechanism of endocytic uptake. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of fluorescent lactosylceramide stereoisomers
摘要:
The intracellular distribution of synthetic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) bearing a fluorophore can be monitored in living cells by fluorescence microscopy. We reported previously that variation in the length of the long-chain base and in the structure of the carbohydrate-containing polar head group of (2S,3R) (or D-erythro-)-beta-lactosylceramide (LacCer) did not alter the mechanism of endocytic uptake from the plasma membrane of various mammalian cell types [Singh, R.D., Puri, V., Valiyaveettil, J.T., Marks, D.L., Bittman, R., Pagano, R.E., 2003. Selective caveolin-l-dependent endocytosis of glycosphingolipids. Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 3254-3265]. To extend our examination of the molecular features in LacCer that are responsible for its uptake by the caveolar-requiring endocytic pathway, we have synthesized the three unnatural stereoisomers [(2R,3R)-, (2S,3S)-, and (2R,3S)] of dipyrromethene difluoride (BODIPY (TM))-LacCer. These analogues will be used to probe the role of stereochemistry in the long-chain base of LacCer in the mechanism of endocytic uptake. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
First Total Synthesis of Symbioramide, a Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase Activator from<i>Symbiodinium</i>sp.
作者:Masako Nakagawa、Jun Yoshida、Tohru Hino
DOI:10.1246/cl.1990.1407
日期:1990.8
The first total synthesis of symbioramide (1) is described and simultaneously established the complete stereostructure of 1 to be (2S,3R,2′R,3′E)-N-(2′-hydroxy-3′-octadecenoyl)-dihydrosphingosine.