A cationic ring-opening polymerization of a cylic ether ("CE") in conjunction with an unsaturated alcohol (propagator) having an allyl double bond, produces a polyether macromer having an allylic group near one end and a hydroxyl group at the other. The polymerization proceeds by polyaddition of the CE to the OH group which is the propagating species. The CE is an alkylene oxide or an aliphatic or aromatic glycidyl ether; the propagator is a primary or secondary alcohol which, if cyclic may have a single internal double bond in one ring. The catalyst is a Friedel-Crafts acid, strong protic organic or inorganic acid, oxonium salt, or the like. The macromer formed may be homopolymerized to yield a polyvinyl homomacromer with pendant chains of polymerized CE; or the CE may be copolymerized with a wide variety of olefinically unsaturated monomers to form a macromer copolymer; or, plural cyclic ethers may be (a) sequentially polymerized to form macromer block copolyethers, or, (b) polymerized randomly to form macromer copolyether copolymers. The cationically ring-opened macromer formed always contains a trace of a cyclic oligomer of the CE.
环状醚("CE")与具有烯丙基双键的不饱和醇(
促进剂)进行阳离子开环聚合,可产生一种聚醚大分子,其一端附近具有烯丙基,另一端具有羟基。聚合反应是通过 CE 与羟基的加成反应进行的。CE 是环氧亚烷基或脂肪族或芳香族
缩水甘油醚;繁殖体是伯醇或仲醇,如果是环状的,可能在一个环上有一个内部双键。催化剂为 Friedel-Crafts 酸、强质子有机酸或
无机酸、羰基鎓盐或类似物质。形成的大单体可进行均聚,生成具有聚合 CE 下垂链的聚
乙烯均大单体;或将 CE 与多种烯烃不饱和单体共聚,形成大单体共聚物;或将多个
环醚 (a) 顺序聚合,形成大单体嵌段共聚物,或 (b) 随机聚合,形成大单体共聚醚共聚物。形成的阳离子开环大单体总是含有微量的 CE 环状低聚物。