AbstractThe hydroamination of terminal alkynes (RCCH=phenylacetylene, 4‐methylphenylacetylene, 4‐fluorophenylacetylene, 1‐hexyne, methyl 2‐propynyl ether, prop‐2‐yn‐1‐ol) with secondary amines (piperidine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, piperazine, methylpiperazine, 4‐methylpiperidine and 3‐methylpiperidine) was achieved in high yield (up to 99%), regioselectivity (only anti‐Markovnikov product) and stereoselectivity (only E‐isomers) within a maximum of 5 h in reactions catalyzed by the tungsten tetracarbonyl complex cis‐[W(CO)4(piperidine)2] at 90 °C without any additional solvent.magnified image
ν-Triazolines. Part 42. Study on the reactivity of 4,5-dihydro-1-(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-morpholino-ν-triazoles. Synthetic approach to pyrano[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-ones
作者:Emanuela Erba、Donato Pocar、Pasqualina Trimarco
DOI:10.1039/b008531f
日期:——
Pyrolysis of 4-aryl-5-morpholino-4,5-dihydrotriazoles 3 affords two products: pyrano[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-ones 4 and arylacetamidines 5. The reaction mechanism of this transformation is discussed and reaction conditions optimized to enhance the formation of pyrrole-fused pyran-2-one derivatives 4. 2-Aminoaziridines are considered to be key intermediates in this transformation.
The first transition-metal-catalyzed regiospecific anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of aromatic olefins is reported. Styrene and substituted styrenes react with secondary aliphatic amines, especially morpholine and N-arylpiperazines, in the presence of cationic rhodium complexes to give 2-aminoethenylbenzene and 2-aminoethylbenzene derivatives. Cationic [Rh(cod)(2)]+BF4- and various phosphines (1:2-mixture) were employed as in situ catalysts. According to labeling experiments, there is no evidence that the hydroamination is a consecutive hydrogenation of a previously formed enamine. Hydroamination with simple secondary amines, for example piperidine, can also be achieved by the use of a higher olefin concentration and higher reaction temperatures than those given in previously published reaction procedures. Kinetic investigations of the major reaction pathway reveal that the reaction rate of the oxidative amination and the hydroamination is dependent on the styrene and on the catalyst concentration, and independent of the amine concentration. Experiments that employed deuterium-labeled amines (N-D) provided evidence that the mechanism involves an amine-activating pathway, The substituents on the styrene, the phosphine ligand, and the solvent influence the yield of the aminations and the enamine:alkylamine ratio.