Highly robust efficient catalyst for selective dehydrogenation of neat glycerol to lactic acid
申请人:UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
公开号:US10202327B2
公开(公告)日:2019-02-12
A catalyst system includes a complex having formula I which advantageously has a sterically protecting N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) carbene-pyridine ligand to handle harsh reactions conditions than many prior art catalysts:
wherein M is a transition metal; o is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; R1 is a C1-6 alkyl, a C6-18 aryl, or an optionally substituted C5-18 heteroaryl. In a refinement, R1 is methyl, ethyl, butyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or t-butyl; R2, R3, R3′ are independently an optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl, halo (e.g., Cl, F, Br, etc), NO2, an optionally substituted C6-18 aryl, or an optionally substituted C5-18 heteroaryl; R4, R4′ are independently an optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl, halo, NO2, an optionally substituted C6-18 aryl, or an optionally substituted C5-18 heteroaryl; and X− is a negatively charge counter ion and L1, L2 are each independently a neutral ligand.
催化剂体系包括具有式 I 的络合物,该络合物具有立体保护的 N-杂环碳烯(NHC)碳烯-吡啶配体,与许多现有技术的催化剂相比,该络合物能够处理苛刻的反应条件:
其中 M 是过渡金属;o 是 0、1、2、3 或 4;R1 是 C1-6 烷基、C6-18 芳基或任选取代的 C5-18 杂芳基。在改进型中,R1 是甲基、乙基、丁基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;R2、R3、R3′ 独立地是任选取代的 C1-6 烷基、卤代物(例如、Cl、F、Br 等)、NO2、任选取代的 C6-18 芳基或任选取代的 C5-18 杂芳基;R4、R4′ 独立地是任选取代的 C1-6 烷基、卤素、NO2、任选取代的 C6-18 芳基或任选取代的 C5-18 杂芳基;X- 是带负电荷的反离子,L1、L2 各自独立地是中性配体。