Cuprizone Intoxication Induces Cell Intrinsic Alterations in Oligodendrocyte Metabolism Independent of Copper Chelation
作者:Alexandra Taraboletti、Tia Walker、Robin Avila、He Huang、Joel Caporoso、Erendra Manandhar、Thomas C. Leeper、David A. Modarelli、Satish Medicetty、Leah P. Shriver
DOI:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01072
日期:2017.3.14
Cuprizone intoxication is a common animal model used to test myelin regenerative therapies for the treatment of diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Mice fed this copper chelator develop reversible, region-specific oligodendrocyte loss and demyelination. While the cellular changes influencing the demyelinating process have been explored in this model, there is no consensus about the biochemical mechanisms of toxicity in oligodendrocytes and about whether this damage arises from the chelation of copper in vivo. Here we have identified an oligodendroglial cell line that displays sensitivity to cuprizone toxicity and performed global metabolomic profiling to determine biochemical pathways altered by this treatment. We link these changes with alterations in brain metabolism in mice fed cuprizone for 2 and 6 weeks. We find that cuprizone induces widespread changes in one-carbon and amino acid metabolism as well as alterations in small molecules that are important for energy generation. We used mass spectrometry to examine chemical interactions that are important for copper chelation and toxicity. Our results indicate that cuprizone induces global perturbations in cellular metabolism that may be independent of its copper chelating ability and potentially related to its interactions with pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, a coenzyme essential for amino acid metabolism.
铜离子中毒是一种常见的动物模型,用于测试治愈多发性硬化等疾病的髓鞘再生疗法。喂食这种铜螯合剂的小鼠会发生可逆的、特定区域的少突胶质细胞丧失和脱髓鞘化。尽管已有研究探讨了影响脱髓鞘化过程的细胞变化,但关于少突胶质细胞毒性生化机制以及这种损伤是否源于体内铜的螯合,仍未达成共识。这里,我们发现了一种对铜离子中毒敏感的少突胶质细胞系,并进行了全球代谢组学分析,以确定该处理改变的生化途径。我们将这些变化与喂食铜离子中毒小鼠在2周和6周内的大脑代谢变化相关联。我们发现,铜离子中毒在一碳代谢和氨基酸代谢中引起了广泛变化,以及在能源生成中重要的小分子的变化。我们使用质谱分析了铜螯合和毒性相关的重要化学相互作用。我们的结果表明,铜离子中毒会引起细胞代谢的全球性扰动,这可能与其铜螯合能力无关,并且可能与其与吡哆醇5′-磷酸的相互作用相关,而吡哆醇5′-磷酸是氨基酸代谢所必需的辅酶。