[(1,1-二氧代四氢噻吩-3-基)氨基]二硫代甲酸 | 114654-31-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 硫杂环戊烷
• 中文名称: [(1,1-二氧代四氢噻吩-3-基)氨基]二硫代甲酸
• 中文别名: 硫代碳杂硫酮
• 英文名称: Sulfocarbathione
• 英文别名: (1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl)carbamodithioic acid
• CAS: 114654-31-8
• 化学式: C₅H₉NO₂S₃
• 分子量: 211.3
• InChiKey: UEKOYEYXLALUCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.5
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.8
• 拓扑面积：
  56.9
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  5

ADMET

代谢

氨基甲酸酯通过肝脏酶促水解；降解产物通过肾脏和肝脏排出。

The carbamates are hydrolyzed enzymatically by the liver; degradation products are excreted by the kidneys and the liver. (L793)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

硫酸碳酰硫酮是一种胆碱酯酶或乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）抑制剂。碳酰胺通过与胆碱酯酶的活性位点进行碳酰胺化，形成不稳定的络合物。这种抑制作用是可逆的。胆碱酯酶抑制剂抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的作用。由于其基本功能，干扰乙酰胆碱酯酶作用的化学物质是强效的神经毒素，即使在低剂量下也会导致过度流涎和流泪。在更高剂量的暴露下，头痛、流涎、恶心、呕吐、腹痛和腹泻通常是显著的症状。乙酰胆碱酯酶分解神经递质乙酰胆碱，后者在神经和肌肉接头处释放，以便让肌肉或器官放松。乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制的结果是乙酰胆碱积聚并继续发挥作用，使得任何神经冲动持续传递，肌肉收缩不会停止。

Sulfocarbathione is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类不具有致癌性（未列入国际癌症研究机构名录）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

急性暴露于胆碱酯酶抑制剂可能会导致胆碱能危象，表现为严重的恶心/呕吐、流涎、出汗、心动过缓、低血压、崩溃和抽搐。肌肉无力可能会逐渐加重，如果呼吸肌肉受累，可能会导致死亡。在运动神经积累乙酰胆碱会导致神经肌肉接头处的尼古丁表达过度刺激。当这种情况发生时，可能会看到肌肉无力、疲劳、肌肉痉挛、肌肉颤动和麻痹等症状。当自主神经节积累乙酰胆碱时，这会导致交感神经系统中的尼古丁表达过度刺激。与此相关的症状是高血压和低血糖。由于乙酰胆碱的积累，中枢神经系统中的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体的过度刺激会导致焦虑、头痛、抽搐、共济失调、呼吸和循环抑制、震颤、全身无力，甚至可能昏迷。当由于乙酰胆碱过多而在毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体上表现出毒蕈碱过度刺激时，可能会出现视力障碍、胸部紧绷、由于支气管收缩引起的喘息、支气管分泌物增加、唾液分泌增加、流泪、出汗、肠蠕动和排尿等症状。长期高暴露（>10年）会导致神经心理学后果，包括感知和视动处理方面的障碍（A15321）。

Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Chronically high (>10 years) exposure leads to neuropsychological consequences including disturbances in perception and visuo-motor processing (A15321).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入（L793）；口服（L793）；皮肤给药（L793）

Inhalation (L793) ; oral (L793); dermal (L793)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

与有机磷化合物一样，症状和体征基于过度的胆碱能刺激。与有机磷中毒不同，氨基甲酸盐中毒的持续时间往往较短，因为神经组织乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用是可逆的，且氨基甲酸盐的代谢速度更快。肌肉无力、眩晕、出汗和轻微的身体不适是常见的早期症状。头痛、流涎、恶心、呕吐、腹痛和腹泻在较高暴露水平时常常更为明显。瞳孔收缩伴视力模糊、不协调、肌肉抽搐和言语不清也有报道。(L795)

As with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)