Inhibition of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases (PHD or EGLN enzymes) is of interest for the treatment of anemia and ischemia-related diseases. Most PHD inhibitors work by binding to the single ferrous ion and competing with 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) co-substrate for binding at the PHD active site. Non-specific iron chelators also inhibit the PHDs, both in vitro and in cells. We report the identification of dual action PHD inhibitors, which bind to the active site iron and also induce the binding of a second iron ion at the active site. Following analysis of small-molecule iron complexes and application of non-denaturing protein mass spectrometry to assess PHD2·iron·inhibitor stoichiometry, selected diacylhydrazines were identified as PHD2 inhibitors that induce the binding of a second iron ion. Some compounds were shown to inhibit the HIF hydroxylases in human hepatoma and renal carcinoma cell lines.
翻译结果:
对缺氧诱导因子(HIF)脯
氨酰羟化酶(PHD或
EGLN酶)的抑制在治疗贫血和缺血相关疾病方面备受关注。大多数PHD
抑制剂通过结合单个亚
铁离子并与
2-氧代戊二酸(2OG)共底物竞争结合PHD活性位点来发挥作用。非特异性
铁螯合剂也能在体外和细胞内抑制PHD。我们报告了双作用PHD
抑制剂的鉴定,这些
抑制剂不仅与活性位点的
铁结合,还能诱导在活性位点上结合第二个
铁离子。通过对小分子
铁络合物的分析并在非变性蛋白质谱法中评估PHD2·
铁·
抑制剂的比例后,鉴定出某些二酰基联
氨为诱导第二个
铁离子结合的PHD2
抑制剂。有些化合物被证明能抑制人类肝癌和肾癌
细胞系中的HIF羟化酶。