摘要:
4-Bromo- (1) or 4-chloroisoquinoline (3) in refluxing liquid ammonia containing amide and thiomethoxide ions reacts preferentially with the thiolate ion to give 4-(methylthio)isoquinoline (2) in high yield. The bromo substrate was shown to require amide ion in order to react with thiomethoxide ion, no reaction taking place in its absence. Substitution product is believed to form from both halides by an S(RN)1 mechanism. By contrast, 3-chloroisoquinoline under the same conditions of mixed anions gives 3-aminoisoquinoline. The role of amide ion and its addition to give sigma complexes in these and other reactions of 4-halogenated isoquinolines in ammonia is discussed.