Discovery and Mechanism Study of SIRT1 Activators that Promote the Deacetylation of Fluorophore-Labeled Substrate
摘要:
SIRT1 is an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, whose activators have potential therapeutic applications in age-related diseases. Here we report a new class of SIRT1 activators. The activation is dependent on the fluorophore labeled to the substrate. To elucidate the activation mechanism, we solved the crystal structure of SIRT3/ac-RHKKac-AMC complex. The structure revealed that the fluorophore blocked the H-bond formation and created a cavity between the substrate and the Rossmann fold. We built the SIRT1/ac-RHKKac-AMC complex model based on the crystal structure. K-m and K-d determinations demonstrated that the fluorophore decreased the peptide binding affinity. The binding modes of SIRT1 activators indicated that a portion of the activators interacts with the fluorophore through pi-stacking, while the portion inserts into the cavity or interacts with the Rossmann fold, thus increasing the substrate affinity. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of SIRT1 activation and may aid the design of novel SIRT1 activators.
Discovery and Mechanism Study of SIRT1 Activators that Promote the Deacetylation of Fluorophore-Labeled Substrate
摘要:
SIRT1 is an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, whose activators have potential therapeutic applications in age-related diseases. Here we report a new class of SIRT1 activators. The activation is dependent on the fluorophore labeled to the substrate. To elucidate the activation mechanism, we solved the crystal structure of SIRT3/ac-RHKKac-AMC complex. The structure revealed that the fluorophore blocked the H-bond formation and created a cavity between the substrate and the Rossmann fold. We built the SIRT1/ac-RHKKac-AMC complex model based on the crystal structure. K-m and K-d determinations demonstrated that the fluorophore decreased the peptide binding affinity. The binding modes of SIRT1 activators indicated that a portion of the activators interacts with the fluorophore through pi-stacking, while the portion inserts into the cavity or interacts with the Rossmann fold, thus increasing the substrate affinity. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of SIRT1 activation and may aid the design of novel SIRT1 activators.
Nitro <i>seco</i> Analogues of the Duocarmycins Containing Sulfonate Leaving Groups as Hypoxia-Activated Prodrugs for Cancer Therapy
作者:Ralph J. Stevenson、William A. Denny、Moana Tercel、Frederik B. Pruijn、Amir Ashoorzadeh
DOI:10.1021/jm201717y
日期:2012.3.22
of 19 (5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[e]indol-1-yl)methyl sulfonate prodrugs containing sulfonateleavinggroups and 7-substituted electron-withdrawing groups is reported. These were designed to undergo hypoxia-selective metabolism to form potent DNA minor groove-alkylating agents. Analogues 17 and 24, containing the benzyl sulfonateleavinggroup and a neutral DNA minor groove-binding side chain, displayed
报道了19(5-硝基-2,3-二氢-1 H-苯并[ e ]吲哚-1-基)甲基磺酸盐前药的合成,该药物含有磺酸盐离去基团和7-取代的吸电子基团。这些被设计用于进行缺氧选择性代谢,以形成有效的DNA小沟烷基化剂。类似物17和24,包含磺酸苄酯离去基团和中性DNA小沟结合侧链,在体外抗增殖试验中显示HT29人癌细胞的缺氧细胞毒性比(HCR)> 1000。四个类似物在一组八种人类癌细胞系中维持较大的HCR。在克隆形成分析中,19HT29细胞的HCR显示为4090。还制备了十种可溶性磷酸盐前药,并以无毒剂量在体内,单独或与放射联合在SiHa人肿瘤异种移植物中进行了评估。化合物34和39的缺氧log 10细胞杀伤(LCK)分别为1.78和2.71,与先前报道的氯化物或溴化物类似物具有同等或更高的活性,因此显示出作为缺氧激活的前药的杰出前景。
Nitrobenzindoles and Their use in Cancer Therapy
申请人:Denny William Alexander
公开号:US20080119442A1
公开(公告)日:2008-05-22
The present invention relates generally to nitro-1,2-dihydro-3H-benzo[e]indoles and related analogues, to their preparation, and to their use as hypoxia-selective drugs and radiosensitizers for cancer therapy, both alone or in combination with radiation and/or other anticancer drugs.
The present invention relates generally to nitro-1,2-dihydro-3H-benzo[e]indoles and related analogues, to their preparation, and to their use as hypoxia-selective drugs and radiosensitizers for cancer therapy, both alone or in combination with radiation and/or other anticancer drugs.
Hypoxia-Activated Prodrugs: Substituent Effects on the Properties of Nitro <i>seco</i>-1,2,9,9a-Tetrahydrocyclopropa[<i>c</i>]benz[<i>e</i>]indol-4-one (nitroCBI) Prodrugs of DNA Minor Groove Alkylating Agents
作者:Moana Tercel、Graham J. Atwell、Shangjin Yang、Ralph J. Stevenson、K. Jane Botting、Maruta Boyd、Eileen Smith、Robert F. Anderson、William A. Denny、William R. Wilson、Frederik B. Pruijn
DOI:10.1021/jm901202b
日期:2009.11.26
Nitrochloromethylbenzindolines (nitroCBIs) are a new class of hypoxia-activated prodrugs for antitumor therapy. The recently reported prototypes undergo hypoxia-selective metabolism to form potent DNA minor groove alkylating agents and are selectively toxic to some but not all hypoxic tumor cell lines. Here we report a series of 31 analogues that bear an extra electron-withdrawing substituent that serves to raise the one-electron reduction potential of the nitroCBI. We identify a subset of compounds, those with a basic side chain and sulfonamide or carboxamide substituent, that have consistently high hypoxic selectivity. The best of these, with a 7-sulfonamide substituent, displays hypoxic cytotoxicity ratios of 275 and 330 in Skov3 and HT29 human tumor cell lines, respectively. This compound (28) is efficiently and selectively metabolized to the corresponding aminoCBI, is selectively cytotoxic tinder hypoxia in all 11 cell lines examined, and demonstrates activity against hypoxic tumor cells in a human tumor xenograft in vivo.