Easy stereoselective synthesis of 5α-estrane-3β,17α-diol, the major metabolite of nandrolone in the horse
摘要:
5 alpha-Estrane-3 beta,17 alpha-diol is the major metabolite of nandrolone in horse urine. The presence of 5 alpha-estrane-3 beta,17 alpha-diol in female and gelding urines is prohibited by Racing Rules and its natural presence in male urine led regulation authorities to establish a concentration threshold of 45 ng/mL. This paper describes a rapid, simple and stereoselective synthesis of 5 alpha-estrane-3 beta,17 alpha-diol, providing horseracing laboratories with an essential reference material for their antidoping performance. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Pharmaceutical compositions and treatment methods-7
申请人:Ahlem Nathaniel Clarence
公开号:US20050282732A1
公开(公告)日:2005-12-22
The invention provides compositions comprising formula 1 steroids, e.g., 16α-bromo-3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one hemihydrate and one or more excipients, typically wherein the composition comprises less than about 3% water. The compositions are useful to make improved pharmaceutical formulations. The invention also provides methods of intermittent dosing of steroid compounds such as analogs of 16α-bromo-3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one and compositions useful in such dosing regimens. The invention further provides compositions and methods to inhibit pathogen (viral) replication, ameliorate symptoms associated with immune dysregulation and to modulate immune responses in a subject using certain steroids and steroid analogs. The invention also provides methods to make and use these immunomodulatory compositions and formulations.
These metabolites have not been studied in depth for steroids and could be interesting markers for doping control. The aim of the present work was to study the ionization and collision-induced dissociation of steroid bisglucuronides to be able to develop mass spectrometric analytical strategies for their detection in urine samples after AAS administration. Because steroid bisglucuronides are not commercially