Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Phenylacetic Acid Esters and Related Substrates. The Stereoelectronic Dependence of the Aryl/Carboxyl Bichromophore Interaction
摘要:
The 254-nm-initiated Norrish Type II photofragmentation of the ethoxyethyl esters of a series of phenylacetic acids (1b-4b) has been studied in order to further elaborate the aryl/ester interaction that is photochemically and photophysically evident in these systems. The ethoxyethyl ester of benzonorbornene-1-carboxylic acid (5) has also been prepared and studied, as has a rigid tricyclic lactone (6) which places the chromophores in an optimal stereoelectronic relationship for interaction. The experimental work is accompanied by Hartree-Fock (HF), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO), and Configuration Interaction with Single Excitations (CIS) calculations on the methyl esters of phenylacetic acid (1a) and alpha-methoxyphenylacetic acid (4a). The calculations confirm extensive through-space (TS) and through-bond (TB) interactions between the aryl and ester pi* orbitals but fail to provide conformational or electronic arguments to explain the unusually high reactivity of the alpha-methoxy series.
A novel gold-catalyzed water-mediated carbene cascadereaction of propargyl diazoacetates has been developed. Mechanistic investigation indicates that this reaction is initiated by gold-catalyzed gold–carbene formation followed by an unprecedented 6-endo-dig carbocyclization with tethered alkyne through an oxonium ylide intermediate, terminated by a β-H elimination/protodeauration process to give the
Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluoroalkenes by Directed Au(I) Catalysis
作者:Benjamin C. Gorske、Curren T. Mbofana、Scott J. Miller
DOI:10.1021/ol9016782
日期:2009.10.1
Au-catalyzed hydrofluorination reactions of a range of functionalized alkynes are reported. In the presence of an appropriate directing group, localized with particular spacing from the pendant alkyne, regioselective and predictable conversion of the alkyne to the Z-vinyl fluoride may be achieved, In selected cases, yields and selectivities are excellent. Additional experiments with two directing groups installed have established some initial principles with respect to a hierarchy of directing groups and their capacity for influencing hydrofluorination regioselectivity.
Rhodium(II)-catalyzed cyclization of 2-alkynyl 2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates as a method for synthesizing substituted furans
作者:Albert Padwa、Frederick R. Kinder
DOI:10.1021/jo00053a009
日期:1993.1
A series of 2-alkynyl 2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates, when treated with a catalytic quantity of rhodium(II) acetate, were found to produce furo[3,4-c]furans in good yield. The reaction proceeds by addition of a rhodium-stabilized carbenoid onto the acetylenic pi-bond to give a vinyl carbenoid which subsequently cyclizes onto the neighboring carbonyl group to produce the furan ring. In a similar manner, indeno[1,2-c]furans were produced from 2-butynyl 2-diazoarylacetates. Compounds substituted with methyl groups on the propargylic carbon atom cyclized at a slower rate. This rate diminution is attributed to the fact that the unsubstituted propargyl group can more easily achieve the required conformation for cyclization. C-H insertion was found to compete with furan formation when an alkyl group was attached to the keto functionality of the starting diazo acetoacetate. Diazo alkynyl sulfones undergo a novel oxygen transfer reaction when treated with rhodium(II) acetate at 80-degrees-C. The cyclized product is formed by sulfone oxygen attack onto the vinyl carbenoid producing a dipolar species which subsequently collapses to give the butenolide sulfoxide.
Kasper Annette M., Nash John J., Morrison Harry, J. Org. Chem, 59 (1994) N 10, S 2792-2798
作者:Kasper Annette M., Nash John J., Morrison Harry
DOI:——
日期:——
Gold-Catalyzed 1,2-Acyloxy Migration/Coupling Cascade of Propargyl Diazoacetates: Synthesis of Isomycin Derivatives
作者:Ming Bao、Xin Wang、Lihua Qiu、Wenhao Hu、Philip Wai Hong Chan、Xinfang Xu
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00392
日期:2019.3.15
An efficient gold(I)-catalyzed carbocyclization reaction for the synthesis of isomycin derivatives from propargyl diazoacetates has been developed. The suggested cyclization pathway delineated the first example of a vinyl gold carbenoid species generated in situ from gold(I)-catalyzed 1,2-acyloxy migration and intercepted by a cross-coupling reaction with the remaining tethered diazo functionality