Supernucleophilic systems based on functionalized surfactants in the decomposition of 4-nitrophenyl esters derived from phosphorus and sulfur acids. III. Reactivity of mixed micellar systems based on tetraalkylammonium and imidazolium surfactants
摘要:
Reactivity of mixed micellar systems based on the functionalized imidazolium and tetraalkylammonium surfactanats in the reaction of cleavage of 4-nitrophenyl ethyl ethylphosphonate was studied. Replacing of an imidazolium fragment in the detergent structure with a tetraalkylammonium one reveals decreasing the substrate solubilization efficiency. In the case of dimeric surfactants, the nucleophilicity of the oximate fragment is considerably (ca. 2 times) decreased thus additionally decreasing the rate of cleavage of the organophosphorus substarte. Therefore the nature of the cationic center in the head group may affect the extent of the observed micellar effects of functionalized surfactants.
AbstractThe cross‐coupling reaction of chloro‐ and bromomethyl oxime ethers with a wide range of aryl‐, heteroaryl‐ and vinylboronic acids in the presence of catalytic palladium complexes with different phosphines has been carried out with good yields (60–98%, 40 examples). Regioselective cross‐coupling reactions differentiating between an alkyl or aryl position are achieved from dihalo oxime ethers containing Csp2‐ and Csp3‐halogen bonds using mono‐ or dicoordinated palladium catalysts such as Pd(dba)2/P(o‐tolyl)3 or Pd(PPh3)4. The selective orthogonal functionalization of dihalo oxime ethers is also described. Site‐selective transformations allow the introduction of the biaryl motif into dihalo oxime ethers preserving the highly activated alkyl halide moiety vicinal to the oxime group for further transformations. In this context, Z‐ and E‐oxime ethers could be considered as synthetic equivalents of ketones in palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki reactions.magnified image
Supernucleophilic systems based on functionalized surfactants in the decomposition of 4-nitrophenyl esters derived from phosphorus and sulfur acids: I. Reactivity of a hydroxyimino derivative of gemini imidazolium surfactant
作者:I. V. Kapitanov、I. A. Belousova、A. E. Shumeiko、M. L. Kostrikin、T. M. Prokop’eva、A. F. Popov
DOI:10.1134/s1070428013090091
日期:2013.9
dichloride, and its non-micelle-forming methyl analog, were synthesized. Nucleophilicity of the oximate group in these compounds in the decomposition of 4-nitrophenyl esters derived from phosphorus and sulfur acids follows Brønsted relations for monomeric functionalized surfactants and non-micelle-forming oximes. As compared to the single-chained analog, the gemini surfactant ensured the same observed
2 can be substituted by alkoxy groups. Two kinds of cycloadditionreaction of 1 have been observed: (i) reaction of the NO group with dienes gives 3, 6-dihydrooxazine derivatives 6 which isomerise to epoxyepimines 7 in most cases of β-substituted nitrosoalkenes; (ii) if 4, 5-dihydrooxazines 22 are obtained, the cycloaddition of the nitrosoalkenes as 4π-component is presumed.
Herbicide antidote compounds and herbicidal compositions according consisting of an active herbicide compound and an antidote therefore and the methods of use of the antidote compound and compositions wherein the antidote compounds correspond to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is haloalkyl, R.sub.2 is selected from haloalkyl and phenyl.