New multi-target-directed small molecules against Alzheimer's disease: a combination of resveratrol and clioquinol
作者:Fei Mao、Jun Yan、Jianheng Li、Xian Jia、Hui Miao、Yang Sun、Ling Huang、Xingshu Li
DOI:10.1039/c4ob00998c
日期:——
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently one of the most difficult and challenging diseases to treat. Based on the ‘multi-target-directed ligands’ (MTDLs) strategy, we designed and synthesised a series of new compounds against AD by combining the pharmacophores of resveratrol and clioquinol. The results of biological activity tests showed that the hybrids exhibited excellent MTDL properties: a significant ability to inhibit self-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and copper(II)-induced Aβ aggregation, potential antioxidant behaviour (ORAC-FL value of 0.9–3.2 Trolox equivalents) and biometal chelation. Among these compounds, (E)-5-(4-hydroxystyryl)quinoline-8-ol (10c) showed the most potent ability to inhibit self-induced Aβ aggregation (IC50 = 8.50 μM) and copper(II)-induced Aβ aggregation and to disassemble the well-structured Aβ fibrils generated by self- and copper(II)-induced Aβ aggregation. Note that 10c could also control Cu(I/II)-triggered hydroxyl radical (OH˙) production by halting copper redox cycling via metal complexation, as confirmed by a Cu–ascorbate redox system assay. Importantly, 10c did not show acute toxicity in mice at doses of up to 2000 mg kg−1 and was able to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), according to a parallel artificial membrane permeation assay. These results indicate that compound 10c is a promising multifunctional compound for the development of novel drugs for AD.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是目前治疗上最为困难和最具挑战性的疾病之一。结合白藜芦醇和氯碘羟喹的药效团,基于“多靶点导向的配体”(MTDLs)策略,我们设计并合成了一系列新的AD治疗药物。生物活性测试结果表明,这些化合物具有优异的MTDL特性:显著的自发β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)聚集抑制能力和铜(II)诱导的Aβ聚集抑制能力,潜在的抗氧化行为(ORAC-FL值为0.9–3.2 Trolox当量)和生物金属螯合作用。在这些化合物中,(E)-5-(4-羟基苯乙烯基)喹啉-8-醇(10c)表现出最强的自发性Aβ聚集抑制能力(IC50 = 8.50 μM)和铜(II)诱导的Aβ聚集抑制能力,以及分解自发和铜(II)诱导的Aβ聚集产生的结构良好的Aβ纤维的能力。需要注意的是,10c还能通过金属配位作用阻止铜的氧化还原循环,从而控制Cu(I/II)触发的羟基自由基(OH·)生成,这一点通过Cu–抗坏血酸盐氧化还原体系检测得到证实。重要的是,在小鼠中,10c在高达2000 mg kg^-1的剂量下未显示急性毒性,并且能够穿过血脑屏障(BBB),这一点通过平行人工膜渗透检测得到证实。这些结果表明,化合物10c是一种有前景的多功能化合物,可用于开发新型AD药物。