Neuroprotective and Cholinergic Properties of Multifunctional Glutamic Acid Derivatives for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
作者:Mariana P. Arce、María Isabel Rodríguez-Franco、Gema C. González-Muñoz、Concepción Pérez、Beatriz López、Mercedes Villarroya、Manuela G. López、Antonio G. García、Santiago Conde
DOI:10.1021/jm900628z
日期:2009.11.26
Novel multifunctional compounds have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). With an L-glutamic moiety as a suitable biocompatible linker, three pharmacophoric groups were joined: (I) an N-benzylpiperidine fragment selected to inhibit acetylcholinesterase by interacting with the catalytic active site (CAS), (2) an N-protecting group of the amino acid, capable of interacting with the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-peripheral anionic site (PAS) and protecting neurons against oxidative stress, and (3) a lipophilic alkyl ester that would facilitate penetration into the central nervous system by crossing the blood-brain barrier. At submicromolar concentration, they inhibit ACNE and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) of human origin, displace the binding of propidium iodide from the PAS of ACNE, and could thus inhibit A beta aggregation promoted by ACNE. They also display neuroprotective properties against mitochondrial free radicals, show low toxicity, and could be able to penetrate into the CNS.