An Asymmetric Carceplex and New Crystal Structure Yield Information Regarding a 1 Million-Fold Template Effect
摘要:
We report the incorporation of methyl ''feet'' as pendant groups in cavitands and carceplexes and their use in the creation of an asymmetric carceplex and the facilitation of the determination of the crystal structure of a carceplex. From the asymmetric carceplex, we have determined a 19 kcal/mol energy barrier to rotation of the guest pyrazine about the host's pseudo-C-2 axes, which demonstrates a high degree of complementarity between the shell of the carceplex and the guest pyrazine. The crystal structure reveals the extensive conjugation of the aryl ethers into the aromatic rings of the host when pyrazine is the guest. This result helps explain why pyrazine is, to date, the best template for the reaction to form the carceplex and thus provides insight to the powerful template effect that is the hallmark of this carceplex reaction. Thus, the investigation of this template effect provides a sensitive probe into noncovalent interactions in general and may be useful in the understanding of recognition in both natural systems such as enzyme/substrate complexes and in non-natural systems such as designed self-assembling structures.
cavities of 11 A diameter that are soluble in aqueoussolution were constructed. The binding of xylenes, aryl ethers, polyaromatic compounds, ferrocene derivatives, and bicyclic aliphatic compounds were examined by NMR spectroscopy and microcalorimetry. NMR binding studies indicated that binding depended upon guest hydrophobicity and shape. No binding was detected for guests in which a charge must
The synthesis of the first water-soluble hemicarcerand and its spectral
and binding properties with 14 guests in water are described.
本文描述了第一种水溶性半包合物的合成及其光谱特性,以及其在水中与14种客体结合的特性。
Efficient Coupling of Amino Acid Derivatives to Rigid Organic Scaffolds: Model Syntheses for De Novo Proteins.
作者:Bruce C. Gibb、Adam R. Mezo、Ashley S. Causton、Janet R. Fraser、Frank C.S. Tsai、John C. Sherman
DOI:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00485-q
日期:1995.8
We describe the coupling of amino acid derivatives to four different rigid organic macrocycles. The couplings were achieved in high yields, which augurs well for the coupling of polypeptides to the rigid macrocycles to create a new family of de novo proteins. We discuss the structure of the model compounds based on the hydrogen bonding patterns that are evident from their NMR and IR spectra.
Templation in the Formation of Carceplexes
作者:Robert G. Chapman、John C. Sherman
DOI:10.1021/jo9803582
日期:1998.6.1
The formation of carceplexes and hemicarceplexes involves an assembly process whereby a molecular template is entrapped between two bowl-shaped molecules. The process can be highly selective such that a million-fold range in template recognition has been realized. The relative template abilities, or template ratios, for 34 molecules in forming carceplex a guest is described. Species with one, two, and three bridges linking the two "bowls" are reported and were used to delineate the guest-determining step of the reaction. The effect of base and solvent on the reaction are also described, and a discussion of the reaction mechanism is presented.
Cavitands bearing four fluorophores
作者:Moonhor Ree、Jong-Seong Kim、Jae Jung Kim、Byeang Hyean Kim、Juyoung Yoon、Heesoo Kim
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.070
日期:2003.11
The synthesis of novel cavitands containing four fluorophores [tort-butoxycarbonyl protected 2,2'-bis(furyl)benzidine (t-BOC FurylBZ) or 5,5'-bis(4-aminophenyl)-2,2'-bifuryl (t-BOC PFDA)] and ionophoric functional groups on the upper rim is reported. The cavitands bearing the four fluorophores emit blue light photoluminescence. In particular, the cavitand containing PFDA moieties exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.