A correlation was found between oxidation potentials of acylcyclopropanes in solution (in CH2Cl2 and CH3CN) and their HOMO energies calculated by semiempirical (AM1) and nonempirical (HF/6-31G and HF/6-31G**) methods. The correlation provides a possibility to forecast the reaction direction of the mentioned substrates and N2O4. The correlation possesses a general character. It was established for instance that arylcyclopropanes, cyclopropylmethyl- and allylbenzenes oxidized at more positive potentials than reduction potential of NO+ and having more positive epsilon(HOMO) than -9.0 eV (AM1), -8.4 eV (HF/6-31G), and -8.3 eV (HF/6-31 G**) reacted with N2O4 following the mechanism "electron transfer - radical pair recombination" affording nitroaromatic derivatives retaining the cyclopropane (or allyl) fragments. Substrates of the same type where the electron transfer to NO+ should be endothermic process and whose HOMO values are less than the above critical numbers react with N2O4 by the mechanism of electrophilic cyclopropane ring opening (with aryl and benzylcyclopropanes) or by electrophilic addition across the double C=C bond (with allylbenzenes).
Reductive Cyclopropanations Catalyzed by Dinuclear Nickel Complexes
作者:You-Yun Zhou、Christopher Uyeda
DOI:10.1002/anie.201511271
日期:2016.2.24
Dinuclear Ni complexes supported by naphthyridine‐diimine (NDI) ligands catalyze the reductive cyclopropanation of alkenes with CH2Cl2 as the methylene source. The use of mild terminal reductants (Zn or Et2Zn) confers significant functional‐group tolerance, and the catalyst accommodates structurally and electronically diverse alkenes. Mononickel catalysts bearing related N chelates afford comparatively
Compounds and methods for treating diseases mediated by a P2X
3
and/or a P2X
2/3
receptor antagonist, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, wherein D, X, Y, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
, R
5
, R
6
, R
7
and R
8
are as defined herein.
Cooperative NHC/Photoredox Catalyzed Ring‐Opening of Aryl Cyclopropanes to 1‐Aroyloxylated‐3‐Acylated Alkanes
作者:Zhijun Zuo、Constantin G. Daniliuc、Armido Studer
DOI:10.1002/anie.202110304
日期:2021.11.22
Ring-opening/arylcarboxylation/acylation of mono, di and trisubstituted cyclopropanes enabled by cooperative NHC and organophotoredox catalysis for the preparation of γ-aroyloxy ketones is reported. Key step is the radical/radical cross- coupling of a benzylic radical generated in the photoredox catalysis cycle and a ketyl radical formed in the NHC catalysis cycle.
[EN] DIAMINOPYRIMIDINES AS P2X3 AND P2X2/3 ANTAGONISTS<br/>[FR] DIAMINOPYRIMIDINES UTILISEES EN TANT QU'ANTAGONISTES DE P2X3 ET P2X2/3
申请人:HOFFMANN LA ROCHE
公开号:WO2005095359A1
公开(公告)日:2005-10-13
Compounds and methods for treating diseases mediated by a P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonists, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, wherein D, X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are as defined herein.
Compounds and methods for treating diseases mediated by a P2X
3
and/or a P2X
2/3
receptor antagonist, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof,
wherein D, X, Y, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
, R
5
, R
6
, R
7
and R
8
are as defined herein.