Increased Hydrophobicity and Estrogenic Activity of Simple Phenols with Silicon and Germanium-Containing Substituents
摘要:
Here, we report the systematic synthesis and characterization of simple phenols bearing a trialkyl(aryl)silyl or trialkyl(aryl)germyl functional group as a hydrophobic substituent. These silicon and germanium analogues exhibited higher hydrophobicity than the corresponding carbon analogues, with a difference in log P value of approximately 0.6, independent of the alkyl(aryl) species. Trimethylsilylphenol and trimethylgermylphenol exhibited smaller pK(a) values than the corresponding carbon analogue or unsubstituted phenol, indicating that trialkylsilyl and trialkylgermyl functional groups have a negative substituent constant (sigma). The trialkylsilyl- and trialkylgermylphenols exhibited more potent estrogenic activity as compared with the carbon analogues. The substituent parameters and structure-activity relationship reported here may be helpful for drug discovery utilizing the heavier group 14 elements.
The application of aryl substituted derivatives of xylose as environmentally friendly multipurpose pesticides
作者:V. V. Belakhov、A. V. Garabadzhiu
DOI:10.1134/s1070363216130120
日期:2016.12
A series of aryl substituted derivatives of xylose have been synthesized. Biological tests have revealed high fungicidal activity of the resulting compounds against various phythopathogenic fungi. Additional biological studies have demonstrated high plant growth regulatory activity of the compounds synthesized.
Direct and Selective Arylation of Tertiary Silanes with Rhodium Catalyst
作者:Yoshinori Yamanoi、Hiroshi Nishihara
DOI:10.1021/jo8008148
日期:2008.9.1
We have developed a convenient and efficient approach to the arylation of tertiary silanes under mild conditions. A variety of arylsilanes were synthesized in a one-step process with good to excellent yields in the presence of a rhodium catalyst with a base. The reaction was highly solvent dependent, and amides were the most effective of the various solvents used. This common catalyst system is highly tolerant of the various sensitive functional groups on the substrates, which might be difficult to extract by other methods. The rhodium-promoted silylation of aryl halides with electron-donating groups occurred more efficiently than the silylation of aryl halides substituted with electron-withdrawing groups. Heteroaromatic halides were also found to be readily silylated with tertiary silanes. The successful application of this reaction to the synthesis of a TAC-101 analogue, which is a trialkylsilyl-containing synthetic retinoid benzoic acid derivative with selective binding affinity for retinoic acid receptor-alpha, is also described.
Increased Hydrophobicity and Estrogenic Activity of Simple Phenols with Silicon and Germanium-Containing Substituents
Here, we report the systematic synthesis and characterization of simple phenols bearing a trialkyl(aryl)silyl or trialkyl(aryl)germyl functional group as a hydrophobic substituent. These silicon and germanium analogues exhibited higher hydrophobicity than the corresponding carbon analogues, with a difference in log P value of approximately 0.6, independent of the alkyl(aryl) species. Trimethylsilylphenol and trimethylgermylphenol exhibited smaller pK(a) values than the corresponding carbon analogue or unsubstituted phenol, indicating that trialkylsilyl and trialkylgermyl functional groups have a negative substituent constant (sigma). The trialkylsilyl- and trialkylgermylphenols exhibited more potent estrogenic activity as compared with the carbon analogues. The substituent parameters and structure-activity relationship reported here may be helpful for drug discovery utilizing the heavier group 14 elements.
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation of Phenol-Derived Propiolates and Certain Related Ethers as a Route to Selectively Functionalized Coumarins and 2<i>H</i>-Chromenes
作者:Aymeric Cervi、Yen Vo、Christina L. L. Chai、Martin G. Banwell、Ping Lan、Anthony C. Willis
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02011
日期:2021.1.1
Methods are reported for the efficient assembly of a series of phenol-derived propiolates, including the parent system 56, and their Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization (intramolecular hydroarylation) to give the corresponding coumarins (e.g., 1). Simple syntheses of naturalproducts such as ayapin (144) and scoparone (145) have been realized by such means, and the first of these subject to single-crystal