Imidazolines as efficacious glucose-dependent stimulators of insulin secretion
摘要:
Synthesis of a series of imidazolines with glucose dependent effects on insulin exocytosis from pancreatic P-cells is reported. Regioisomers and enantionters were found to exhibit marked differences in exocytotic effects as well as different activities on the K-ATP-channel- the (R (+)) isomer of 2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-thiophene-2-ylethyl]pyridine (4a) and the (+) isomer of 2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-thiophene-3-yiethyl]pyridine (4d) were found to give a significant increase in insulin release in contrast to Findings for their enantiomers-without influence on the K-ATP-channel. The (+) isomer (4a) showed glucose dependent insulin release from P-cells at concentrations above 2.5 mM and a marked glucose lowering effect in ob/ob mice as well as in fed but not in fasted rats. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
The invention provides compounds of formula (I), stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof: (I) wherein A1 to A6 and R1 to R4 are as defined herein. Such compounds are suitable for use in the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions which are mediated by the activation of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), for example cancer.
Compounds of formula (I) which are optionally substituted 2-(&ohgr;,&ohgr;-diarylalkyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoles and 2-(&ohgr;,&ohgr;-diarylalkyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines and salts thereof with inorganic and organic acids have interesting pharmacological properties. Thus, the compounds are useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Photoinduced Divergent Alkylation/Acylation of Pyridine <i>N</i>-Oxides with Alkynes under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions
作者:Jin-hui Xu、Wen-bin Wu、Jie Wu
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01940
日期:2019.7.5
Ortho-alkylated and ortho-acylated pyridines have been conveniently synthesized from pyridine N-oxides and alkynes under visible-light-mediation in a metal-free manner. The alkynes served as both alkylating and acylating agents via switching between anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The overall strategy accommodates a broad scope of substituted pyridine N-oxides and alkynes, with excellent regioselectivity
Structure-based optimization of hydroxylactam as potent, cell-active inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase
作者:BinQing Wei、Kirk Robarge、Sharada S. Labadie、Jinhua Chen、Laura B. Corson、Antonio DiPasquale、Peter S. Dragovich、Charles Eigenbrot、Marie Evangelista、Benjamin P. Fauber、Anna Hitz、Rebecca Hong、Kwong Wah Lai、Wenfeng Liu、Shuguang Ma、Shiva Malek、Thomas O'Brien、Jodie Pang、David Peterson、Laurent Salphati、Deepak Sampath、Steven Sideris、Mark Ultsch、Zijin Xu、Ivana Yen、Dong Yu、Qin Yue、Aihe Zhou、Hans E. Purkey
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128576
日期:2022.3
utilized to optimize 6,6-diaryl substituted dihydropyrone and hydroxylactam to obtain inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with low nanomolar biochemical and single-digit micromolar cellular potencies. Surprisingly the replacement of a phenyl with a pyridyl moiety in the chemical structure revealed a new binding mode for the inhibitors with subtle conformational change of the LDHA active site.
of methyl aluminum complexes bearing chiral biphenol-type ligands were found to be highly active catalysts in the asymmetric reduction of heterocyclic ketones (S/C = 100 - 500, ee up to 99%). The protocol is suitable for a wide range of substrates and has a high tolerance to functional groups. The formed 2-heterocyclic-alcohols are valuable buildingblocks in drug discovery or can be used as ligands