Detailed studies have been conducted to determine the activity of palladium catalysts for the amination of five-membered heterocyclic halides and to determine the factors that control the scope of this reaction. Palladium-catalyzed aminations of the electron-rich furanyl, thiophenyl, and indolyl halides and of the related 2-halogenated thiazoles, benzimidazole, and benzoxazole have been shown to occur
已经进行了详细的研究,以确定
钯催化剂对五元杂环卤化物胺化的活性,并确定控制该反应范围的因素。富电子的
呋喃基,
噻吩基和
吲哚基卤化物以及相关的2-卤代
噻唑,
苯并咪唑和
苯并恶唑的
钯催化胺化反应均与一部分胺一起发生。测试了
钯前体和P(t)Bu(3)的各种组合作为
3-溴噻吩与
N-甲基苯胺反应的催化剂,最快的反应是Pd(I)二聚体[PdBr(P(t)Bu) (3))](2)。
噻唑,
苯并咪唑和
苯并恶唑的最快胺化反应发生在
三氟乙酸钯和P(t)Bu(3)的组合催化下。