A process for preparing an isocyanate having at least two --N.dbd.C.dbd.O groups is provided which comprises preparing a substituted aromatic amine having at least two --NH.sub.2 groups, recovering the substituted aromatic amine having at least two --NH.sub.2 groups, and preparing an isocyanate from the substituted aromatic amine having at least two --NH.sub.2 groups by (1) contacting the substituted aromatic amine with CO.sub.2 under conditions sufficient to produce the corresponding ammonium carbamate salt, and reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an electrophilic or oxophilic dehydrating agent under conditions sufficient to produce the corresponding isocyanate, or (2) contacting the substituted aromatic amine with CO.sub.2 under conditions sufficient to produce the corresponding ammonium carbamate salt, reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with a primary or secondary hydrocarbyl halide in a polar aprotic solvent under conditions sufficient to produce the corresponding carbamate ester, and cracking the carbamate ester under conditions sufficient to produce the corresponding isocyanate.
提供了一种制备至少具有两个—N.dbd.C.dbd.O基团的
异氰酸酯的方法,该方法包括制备至少具有两个—NH.sub.2基团的取代芳香胺,回收至少具有两个—NH.sub.2基团的取代芳香胺,并通过以下方法从至少具有两个—NH.sub.2基团的取代芳香胺制备
异氰酸酯:(1)在足够的条件下将取代芳香胺与CO.sub.2接触以产生相应的
铵基
氨基甲酸盐,并在足够的条件下将
铵基
氨基甲酸盐与亲电性或亲氧性脱
水剂反应以产生相应的
异氰酸酯,或者(2)在足够的条件下将取代芳香胺与CO.sub.2接触以产生相应的
铵基
氨基甲酸盐,将
铵基
氨基甲酸盐与极性无
水溶剂中的一级或二级烃基卤化物反应,在足够的条件下裂解
碳酸酯以产生相应的
异氰酸酯。