ROY Reclaims Its Crown: New Ways To Increase Polymorphic Diversity
摘要:
Chemical compounds that exist in multiple crystalline forms are said to exhibit polymorphism. Polymorphs have the same composition, but their structures and properties can vary markedly. In many fields, conditions for crystallizing compounds of interest are screened exhaustively to generate as many polymorphs as possible, from which the most advantageous form can be selected. We report new ways to search for polymorphs and increase polymorphic diversity, based on crystallization induced by suitably designed mixed-crystal seeds. The potential of the strategy has been demonstrated by using it to produce new polymorphs of the benchmark compound ROY as single crystals structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. This allows ROY to reclaim its crown as the most polymorphic compound in the Cambridge Structural Database. More generally, the methods promise to become valuable tools for polymorphic screening in all fields where crystalline solids are used.
The reactions of 2-amino-4,5-dihydro-3-furancarbonitriles 1a-d with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of sodium ethoxide (0.1 equivalent) gave the corresponding Michael adducts 2a-d, 3a-d and 4a-d. Compounds 2a-d and 3a-c reacted with sodium alkoxide (1 equivalent) to yield the corresponding 7a-alkoxyhexahydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridines 5a-d, 6a-d, 7a-c and 8a-c. Treatment of 5a-d, 6a-d,
2-氨基-4,5-二氢-3-呋喃腈1a-d与α,β-不饱和羰基化合物在乙醇钠(0.1当量)存在下的反应得到相应的迈克尔加合物2a-d,3a-d和4a-d。化合物2a-d和3a-c与醇钠(1当量)反应,得到相应的7a-烷氧基六氢呋喃[2,3- b ]吡啶5a-d,6a-d,7a-c和8a-c。用叔丁醇钾处理5a-d,6a-d,7a-c和8a-c产生相应的二氢呋喃并[2,3- b ]吡啶图9a-d和10a-c。4a-c与乙醇钠(1当量)反应,得到相应的二氢呋喃[2,3- b ]吡啶11a-c。
Testa, Maria G.; Perrini, Giancarlo; Chiacchio, Ugo, Journal of Chemical Research, Miniprint, 1993, # 8, p. 1921 - 1936
作者:Testa, Maria G.、Perrini, Giancarlo、Chiacchio, Ugo、Corsaro, Antonio
2-Amino-4,5-dihydro-3-furancarbonitriles (1) react with a slight excess of dibenzoyldiazomethane in the presence of rhodium(II) acetate to give 1,3-oxazin-4-ones (2). With three equivalents of dibenzoyldiazomethane compounds 1 react to afford furo[2,3-b]pyran-3a-carbonitriles (3). Compound 3a was also obtained by treatment of 2a with two equivalents of dibenzoyldiazomethane.
Synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dihydrofurans from ?,?-dicyanoketones
作者:I. V. Moiseeva、P. M. Lukin、O. E. Nasakin、V. N. Romanov、V. A. Tafeenko、A. Kh. Bulai、P. A. Sharbatyan