A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4‐aryl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydrobenzo[<i>h</i>]chromenes Derivatives Using KF‐Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst
Abstract A series of new 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4‐aryl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydrobenzo[h]chromenes derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of malononitrile with 2‐arylmethylidene‐3, 4‐dihydro‐1(2H)‐naphthalenone in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) at 80°Ccatalyzed by KF‐Al2O3. The structure of the product was confirmed by x‐ray analysis.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing crucial role in immunity. MIF exerts a unique tautomerase enzymatic activity that has relevance concerning its multiple functions and its small molecule inhibitors have been proven to block its pro-inflammatory effects. Here we demonstrate that some of the E-2-arylmethylene-1-tetralones and their heteroanalogues efficiently bind to MIF's active site and inhibit MIF tautomeric (enolase, ketolase activity) functions. A small set of the synthesised derivatives, namely compounds (4), (23), (24), (26) and (32), reduced inflammatory macrophage activation. Two of the selected compounds (24) and (26), however, markedly inhibited ROS and nitrite production, NF-κB activation, TNF-α, IL-6 and CCL-2 cytokine expression. Pre-treatment of mice with compound (24) exaggerated the hypothermic response to high dose of bacterial endotoxin. Our experiments suggest that tetralones and their derivatives inhibit MIF's tautomeric functions and regulate macrophage activation and thermal changes in severe forms of systemic inflammation.
Synthesis of 2‐Aminopyran Derivatives and 3‐Arylpropionitrile Derivatives Catalyzed by KF/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
作者:Xiang‐shan Wang、Da‐qing Shi、Ya Du、Yan Zhou、Shu‐jiang Tu
DOI:10.1081/scc-120030692
日期:2004.12.31
A series of 2-cyano-3-aryl-3-(3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalene-one-2-yl) propionitrile derivatives and 2-aminopyran derivatives were synthesized by the KF-Al2O3-catalyzed reaction of malononitrile with 2-arylmethylidene-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone, 2,6-biarylmethylidene cyclohexanone, or 2,5-biarylmethylidene cyclopenanone in DMF at room temperature. The structure of the later was confirmed by x-ray analysis.
RAO, C. J.;REDDY, K. M.;MURTHY, A. K., INDIAN J. CHEM., 1981, 20, N 4, 282-284