The present application provides methods and catalysts for activation of carboxylic acids for organic reactions. In particular, methods are disclosed for direct nucleophilic addition reactions, such as, amidation reactions with amines, cycloadditions, and conjugate additions, using boronic acid catalysts of formula I, II or III: Also included are novel boronic acid catalysts of formula IV, V and III:
本申请提供了激活
羧酸进行有机反应的方法和催化剂。具体而言,揭示了使用式I、II或III的
硼酸催化剂进行直接亲核加成反应的方法,例如与胺的酰胺化反应、环加成反应和共轭加成反应。还包括式IV、V和III的新型
硼酸催化剂。