Three new cycloartane xylosides were isolated from the aerial parts of Cimicifuga simplex, and their structures were elucidated as 23-O-acetyl-1α-hydroxyshengmanol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, 25-O-acetyl-1α-hydroxycimigenol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside and 1α-hydroxycimigenol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside.