Silica‐Gel‐Supported Aluminium Chloride: A Stable, Efficient, Selective, and Reusable Catalyst for Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols and Phenols
作者:Kaveh Parvanak Borujeni
DOI:10.1080/00397910600764725
日期:2006.9
Abstract A simple, effective, and highly chemoselective method to form 2‐tetrahydropyranyl ethers of alcohols and phenols in the presence of silica‐gel‐supported aluminium chloride as a heterogeneous Lewisacidcatalyst is described. The catalyst can be easily recovered and reused without appreciable change in its efficiency.
Studies on the terpenoids and related alicyclic compounds XXXIX. A synthesis of .ALPHA.-methylene-.GAMMA.-lactones fused to medium and large rings by intramolecular cyclization of formylated allyl halides.
Carbocyclic rings fused to an α-methylene-γ-lactone unit were synthesized from ω-formylated β-ethoxycarbonylallyl halides (4a-g) through intramolecular cyclization by the use of a low-valent chromium reagent, prepared from CrCl3 and LiAlH4, in N, N-dimethylformamide. α-Methylene-γ-lactones fused to medium (eight-membered) or large (twelve-and fourteen-membered) ring system (5a, c and d) were synthesized by this method in good to fairly good yields. However, the formylated allyl halide (4b), expected to afford a ten-membered carbocyclic ring system, gave dilactones fused to a twenty-membered ring unit even under a high dilution reaction condition.
Several primary and secondary symmetrical diols, ranging from propane-1,3-diol to decane-1,10-diol, are selectively monoprotected by monotetrahydropyranyl ether formation catalysed by a strongly acidic ion-exchange resin (Dowex 50w × 2, 50–100 mesh) in a 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-hydrocarbon mixture.
Chemoselective tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols using polystyrene supported aluminium chloride as a catalyst
作者:Bahman Tamami、Kaveh Parvanak Borujeny
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.11.056
日期:2004.1
A simple, efficient and highly chemoselective method for tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols has been developed by their reaction with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran at room temperature in the presence of a catalytic amount of polystyrenesupported AlCl3. The method is also highly selective for monoprotection of symmetrical diols.
Primary and secondary symmetrical diols with 2-10 carbon atoms gave selectively monotetrahydropyranyl ethers in the reaction catalyzed by wet sulfonic acid-type ion-exchange resins in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (DI-IP)/toluene or DHP/hexane. The yields of the monoethers were higher than 80% while those of the corresponding diethers were lower than 5%. In these reactions the rate of the formation of the diethers did not increase much even after most of the diols had been consumed. In the reaction of 1,10-decanediol in DHP/hexane, the yields of the monoether were increased by the addition of DMF or DMSO. Each diol was found to have a particular DHP/hydrocarbon ratio that gave the highest selectivity for the monoether. Generally, the larger the number of carbon atoms of the diols, the smaller the ratio of DHP in the solvents to give high selectivity for the monoether. This method of the selective etherification is quite simple and practical.