2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid | 76193-99-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡咯烷类
• 英文名称: 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
• 英文别名: 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-pyrrolidin-3-carbonsaeure；2,2,5,5-Tetramethylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
• CAS: 76193-99-2
• 化学式: C₉H₁₇NO₂
• 分子量: 171.239
• InChiKey: FSPTUZZVVXTEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -1.6
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.89
• 拓扑面积：
  49.3
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 生成 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-1-oxidopyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  KRINITSKAYA L. A., IZV. AN CCCP. CEP. XIM., 1980, HO 9, 2148-2150

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,2,5,5-四甲基-3-吡咯烷羧酰胺 在 盐酸 作用下， 生成 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Pauly; Hueltenschmidt, Chemische Berichte, 1903, vol. 36, p. 3367

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• PREPARATION OF FUNCTIONALIZED ALKOXYAMINE INITIATOR AND ITS USE
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20030236368A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-12-25

  A one-pot process for the preparation of functional alkoxyamines of the general formula (I), 1 is disclosed. The process entails (1) reacting an oxidizing agent with a sterically hindered secondary amine to produce an aqueous phase and a nitroxyl radical (2) removing the aqueous phase and adding to the nitroxyl radical one or more vinyl monomer(s) conforming to a formula and a system which produces free radicals. Also disclosed is a process of polymerizing monomers using the functional alkoxyamine.

  披露了一种用于制备具有一般公式（I）的功能性烷氧基胺的一锅法工艺。该工艺包括：（1）使用氧化剂与空间位阻较大的二级胺反应，产生水相和硝基氧自由基；（2）移除水相，并向硝基氧自由基中加入一种或多种符合公式的乙烯基单体以及能够产生自由基的体系。还披露了一种使用功能性烷氧基胺聚合单体的工艺。
• In-situ polymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers with secondary amines
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20040122270A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-06-24

  A process for the preparation of any of well-defined homopolymers, random and block copolymers is disclosed. The process that entails forming a mixture of monomers, a hindered secondary amine and an oxidizing agent is characterized in the absence of any additional free-radical initiator.

  披露了一种用于制备任何明确定义的均聚物、随机共聚物和嵌段共聚物的方法。该过程包括形成单体的混合物、受阻的二级胺和氧化剂，其特征在于没有任何额外的自由基引发剂。
• Process for the synthesis for alkoxy amines and their use in controlled radical polymerization
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20040002606A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-01-01

  A one-pot process for the preparation of alkoxyamines conforming to formulae (I) or (II), preferably (I) 1 is disclosed. The process entails (1) reacting of an oxidizing agent (A) with a sterically hindered secondary amine of the general formula (III), 2 in a water-containing medium to form a reaction product and an aqueous phase, (2) removing of the aqueous phase, and (3) (adding to the reaction product a free-radical initiator (B) under conditions that promote the decomposition of the initiator to generate free radicals. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing monomers, the process using the alkoxyamine prepared by the inventive process.

  披露了一种用于制备符合公式(I)或(II)，最好是(I)的烷氧基胺的一锅法工艺。该工艺包括：(1)使氧化剂(A)与具有空间位阻的二级胺反应，该二级胺的通用公式为(III)，在水含介质中形成反应产物和水相，(2)移除水相，以及(3)在促进分解引发剂以产生自由基的条件下，向反应产物中添加自由基引发剂(B)。还披露了一种用于聚合单体的工艺，该工艺使用由发明工艺制备的烷氧基胺。
• Substituted Rylene Derivatives
  申请人：Konemann Martin

  公开号：US20080167467A1

  公开（公告）日：2008-07-10

  Rylene derivatives of the general formula I in which the variables are each defined as follows: Rylene is a polycyclic conjugated ring system which comprises at least one perylene unit may comprise heteroatoms as ring atoms, may be functionalized by moieties comprising —CO— groups and/or may bear further substituents other than the A radicals; A is a radical of the formula X is oxygen or sulfur; R are identical or different radicals: optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, hetaryl, —U-aryl where U is an —O—, —S—, —NR 2 —, —CO—, —SO— or —SO 2 — moiety, or C 1 -C 12 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkylthio, —C≡CR 2 , —CR 2 ═CR 2 2 , hydroxy, mercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, —NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 COR 4 , —CONR 3 R 4 , —SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , —COOR 3 or —SO 3 R 3 ; R′ are identical or different radicals: hydrogen or one of the R radicals; R 2 is hydrogen or alkyl, where the R 2 radicals may be the same or different when they occur more than once; R 3 , R 4 are each independently hydrogen; optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or hetaryl; n is from 1 to 8.

  该公式的Rylene衍生物为I，其中变量的定义如下： Rylene是一个多环共轭环系统，包括至少一个苝并单元，可能包含杂原子作为环原子，可能被含有—CO—基团的基团所官能化，或者可能带有除A基团以外的其他取代基； A是公式的基团； X是氧或硫； R是相同或不同的基团：可选取代的烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、—U-芳基，其中U是—O—、—S—、—NR2—、—CO—、—SO—或—SO2—基团，或C1-C12-烷氧基、C1-C6-烷基硫基、—C≡CR2、—CR2═CR22、羟基、巯基、卤素、氰基、硝基、—NR3R4、—NR3COR4、—CONR3R4、—SO2NR3R4、—COOR3或—SO3R3； R′是相同或不同的基团：氢或R基团之一； R2是氢或烷基，当它们出现多次时，R2基团可以相同或不同； R3、R4各自独立地为氢；可选取代的烷基、芳基或杂芳基； n为1至8。
• Synthesis of nitroxides using dioxiranes
  申请人：Curators of the University of Missouri

  公开号：US05087752A1

  公开（公告）日：1992-02-11

  The subject invention relates to a method of synthesizing nitroxides from secondary amines. This method uses a suitable dioxirane compound such as dimethyldioxirane (DMD), which is relatively stable and simple to synthesize, as the oxidizing agent. A quantity of a secondary amine having no hydrogen atoms directly attached to the alpha carbon atoms is mixed with a 2x molar ratio of the dioxirane. In a first reaction, the secondary amine is oxidized to form a hydroxylamine; in a second reaction, the hydroxylamine is further oxidized to form a nitroxide. When the dioxirane loses an oxygen atom it converts into a ketone; for example, dimethyldioxirane is converted into acetone. This is very convenient, since the ketone byproduct is a solvent that can be easily removed after the reaction without causing interfering reactions. This method provides a simple, highly selective, rapid reaction with very high yields. It can be carried out in a single reaction vessel and can be used with a wide variety of secondary amines (including secondary amines having more than one amine group) to create a corresponding variety of nitroxides.

  本发明涉及一种从二级胺合成亚硝基自由基的方法。该方法使用适当的二氧杂环丙烷化合物，如相对稳定且易于合成的二甲基二氧杂环丙烷（DMD），作为氧化剂。将一定量没有氢原子直接连接到α碳原子的二级胺与2倍摩尔比的二氧杂环丙烷混合。在第一反应中，二级胺被氧化形成羟胺; 在第二反应中，羟胺被进一步氧化形成亚硝基自由基。当二氧杂环丙烷失去一个氧原子时，它就转化为酮；例如，二甲基二氧杂环丙烷转化为丙酮。这非常方便，因为酮副产物是一种可以在反应后轻松去除而不会引起干扰反应的溶剂。该方法提供了一种简单、高选择性、快速反应且产率非常高的方法。它可以在单个反应容器中进行，并且可以与各种二级胺（包括具有多个胺基的二级胺）一起使用，以创建相应的亚硝基自由基的各种类型。