amines and nucleobases have also been used, affording the corresponding coupling products in good to excellent yields. Moreover, this method has been employed for chemoselective C–N arylation of aminophenols and further utilized for the synthesis of carbazole natural products, avoiding the protection and deprotection steps.
据报道,使用基于CuI的催化系统,结合易得的脯
氨酰胺
配体,可以在
水性介质中将多种芳香族脂肪族胺与芳基卤化物进行Ullmann型交叉偶联。该方法温和且耐空气,湿气和各种官能团,为接触各种胺化产品提供了一种新颖的方法。也已使用仲胺,如杂芳族胺和核碱基,以良好至优异的产率提供相应的偶联产物。此外,该方法已用于
氨基
酚的
化学选择性C–N芳基化,并进一步用于
咔唑天然产物的合成,从而避免了保护和脱保护步骤。