Microwave-assisted regioselective olefinations of cyclic mono- and di-ketones with a stabilized phosphorus ylide
作者:Jinlong Wu、Dan Li、Huafeng Wu、Lijie Sun、Wei-Min Dai
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2005.12.060
日期:2006.5
4-cyclohexanediones with the ylide at 190 °C for 20 min in MeCN afforded the exocyclicolefins in >94:6 isomer ratios. On the other hand, the same reactions carried out at 230 °C for 20 min in the presence of 20 mol % DBU furnished the endocyclicolefins in >83:17 isomer ratios. The base-mediated isomerization of the exocyclicolefins into the endocyclic isomers was primarily driven by thermodynamic stability of the
A facile synthetic approach to β,γ-unsaturated esters by deconjugative esterification of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), Me3N·HCl, and Me2NEt is described. The one-pot synthesis was effectively improved under microwave irradiation.
4-(Pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyridine-catalyzed deconjugative esterification of 2-cyclohexylideneacetic acids afforded isopropyl 2-(cyclohex-1-enyl)acetate by employing 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride as a coupling reagent. On the other hand, 4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyridine-catalyzed esterification with 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide was not accompanied by deconjugation and gave isopropyl 2-cyclohexylideneacetate.
Highly regioselective Wittig reactions of cyclic ketones with a stabilized phosphorus ylide under controlled microwave heating
作者:Jinlong Wu、Huafeng Wu、Shaoyong Wei、Wei-Min Dai
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.03.198
日期:2004.5
Significant base and temperature effects on the Wittig reactions of cyclohexanones with (carbethoxymethylene)triphenylphosphorane under microwave irradiation were observed. For the Wittig reactions carried out in a domestic microwave oven under solvent-free conditions, the initially formed exo-olefin products isomerized into the thermodynamically more stable endo-olefins due to uncontrolled high reaction temperature. In sharp contrast, under controlled microwave heating, both exo- and endo-olefins have been selectively synthesized by accurately regulating the reaction temperature with or without a base. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.