申请人:Reiners Juergen
公开号:US20050222368A1
公开(公告)日:2005-10-06
Polyurethane which is obtainable by reacting a) an NCO-containing prepolymer composed of a1) at least one polyesterpolyol, preferably polycarbonatepolyol, carbonate group-free polyesterpolyol, polyestercarbonatepolyol, polyesteramidepolyol, in particular polyesterdiol, having an average molecular weight, determined as the number average, greater than or equal to 500 g/mol, preferably from 500 to 6000 g/mol, in particular from 500 to 4000 g/mol, very particularly preferably from 800 to 4000 g/mol, and a2) at least one polyetherpolyol which differs from a1) and is preferably polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol and copolyethers, in particular those containing building blocks from the group consisting of ethyleneoxy, propyleneoxy, tetramethyleneoxy and/or hexamethyleneoxy, having a molecular weight, determined as the number average, greater than or equal to 500, preferably from 500 to 10 000 g/mol, in particular from 500 to 4000, particularly preferably from 800 to 4000, g/mol, preferably a polyetherdiol, and a3) at least one polyol, in particular diol, having a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, which carries one or more ionic groups and/or one or more potentially ionic groups, preferably carries one or more carboxylate groups, and a4) at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate, preferably diisocyanate, preferably having a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, in particular from 112 to 400 g/mol, particularly preferably from 168 to 262 g/mol, and a5) optionally a nonionic polyol, preferably diol having a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, preferably from 61 to 499 g/mol, and a6) optionally a monoalcohol with b) at least one polysiloxane reactive towards NCO groups and having a molecular weight, determined as the number average, of less than 1500 g/mol, preferably having 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 3, amino and/or hydroxyl groups reactive towards NCO groups, in particular amino groups, and c) at least one amine reactive towards NCO groups and having an average amino functionality of from 1 to 6 and a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol (molecular weight determined as the number average), which may be substituted by hydroxyl groups and/or sulpho groups and/or carboxyl groups, and d) water, the molar ratio of the hydroxy-functional compounds used for the preparation of the prepolymer a) to the polyisocyanate being from 1: 1.1 to 1: 2.5, preferably from 1.1:1 to 1: 1.7.
a) 含 NCO 的预聚物,该预聚物由以下物质反应而成: a1) 至少一种聚酯多元醇,优选聚碳酸酯多元醇、无碳酸酯基聚酯多元醇、聚酯碳酸酯多元醇、聚酯酰胺多元醇,特别是聚酯二醇,其平均分子量大于或等于 500 克/摩尔,优选 500 至 6000 克/摩尔,特别是 500 至 4000 克/摩尔,尤其优选 800 至 4000 克/摩尔、a2) 至少一种聚醚多元醇,它不同于 a1),最好是聚亚烷基二醇、如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基乙二醇、聚六亚甲基乙二醇和共聚物,特别是含有由乙 烯氧基、丙烯氧基、四亚甲基氧基和/或六亚甲基氧基组成的组中的结构单元的共聚物,其 分子量为:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)、a3) 至少一种分子量小于 500 克/摩尔的多元醇,特别是二元醇、a4) 至少一种脂肪族多异氰酸酯,最好是二异氰酸酯,分子量最好小于 500 g/mol,特别是 112 至 400 g/mol、a5) 可选的非离子多元醇,最好是分子量小于 500 克/摩尔,最好是 61 至 499 克/摩尔的二元醇,以及 a6) 可选的一元醇、b) 至少一种对 NCO 基团有反应性且分子量(按平均数计算)小于 1500 克/摩尔的聚硅氧烷,最好具有 1 至 6 个,特别是 1 至 3 个对 NCO 基团有反应性的氨基和/或羟基,尤其是氨基,以及 c) 至少一种对 NCO 基团有反应性且平均氨基官能度为 1 至 6 个且分子量小于 500 克/摩尔(分子量按平均数计算)的胺、d) 水,用于制备预聚物 a) 的羟基官能团化合物与多异氰酸酯的摩尔比为 1:1.1至1: 2.5,最好为1.1:1至1: 1.7。