The acid catalyzed ethanolysis of trans-2,3-diphenyloxirane was examined in a wide variety of binary ethanolic solvent systems. The reaction proceeded with 26% retention and 74% inversion of configuration in pure ethanol at 50 °C. The dilution of ethanol by hexane or benzene produced almost no change in stereochemistry of the ethanolysis. The addition of acetonitrile, nitromethane, or sulfolane to the ethanolic solution resulted in increased degrees of retention. In binary ethanolic mixtures containing DMSO, DMF, or HMPA, increased ratios of inverted product were obtained. The steric course of the ethanolysis could be controlled from 85% retention–15% inversion (CH3NO2:ethanol=20:2 by volume) to 10% retention–90% inversion (HMPA: ethanol=10:12) by the choice of co-solvent. The results are discussed in terms of the solvation-shell concept.
在多种二元
乙醇溶剂体系中对反式-2,3-二苯基
环氧乙烷的酸催化
乙醇分解进行了研究。在 50 °C 的纯
乙醇中,反应的保留率为 26%,构型反转率为 74%。用
正己烷或苯稀释
乙醇几乎不会改变
乙醇分解的立体
化学结构。在
乙醇溶液中加入
乙腈、
硝基甲烷或磺烷会增加保留度。在含有
DMSO、
DMF 或 HMPA 的二元
乙醇混合物中,得到的反相产物比例增加。通过选择助溶剂,
乙醇分解的立体过程可从 85% 的保留-15% 的反转(
CH3NO2:
乙醇=20:2(体积比))控制到 10% 的保留-90% 的反转(HMPA:
乙醇=10:12)。本研究从溶壳概念的角度对结果进行了讨论。