申请人:Exxon Research and Engineering Company
公开号:US04687866A1
公开(公告)日:1987-08-18
Compositions of matter are disclosed which are highly useful in hydroformylation processes. The compositions are non-charged, non-chelated bis- and tris-(alkyl diaryl phosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydrides. The substituents of the alkyl group include heteroorganic radicals containing silane, silicone, ether, ester, keto and hydroxy oxygen, phosphine oxide and phosphorus ester phosphorus, amine, amide, amine oxide and heterocyclic nitrogen groups. These compositions are highly stable and selective catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins under certain conditions. The disclosed catalyst systems contain a large excess of phosphine ligand and employ alpha-olefin plus synthesis gas reactant mixtures having a high H.sub.2 /CO ratio at relatively low pressures. They produce mostly aldehydes derived from terminal attack on the alpha-olefin reactant. In the case of low olefins, such as butene-1, the products can be advantageously removed in a continuous manner, as distillate components from a ligand reaction mixture kept at an elevated temperature and continuously fed by an appropriate mixture of the reactants.
披露了在水合甲酰化过程中非常有用的物质组成物。这些组成物是非带电、非螯合的双(烷基二芳基膦)和三(烷基二芳基膦)铑羰基氢化物。烷基基团的取代基包括含有硅烷、硅氧烷、醚、酯、酮和羟基氧、膦氧和磷酸酯磷的杂有机基团、胺、酰胺、胺氧和杂环氮基团。这些组成物是高度稳定和选择性催化剂,在一定条件下用于烯烃的水合甲酰化反应。所披露的催化剂体系含有大量的膦配体,并使用具有高H.sub.2/CO比的α-烯烃和合成气反应物混合物,在相对较低的压力下。它们主要产生由α-烯烃反应物的末端攻击产生的醛。对于低烯烃,例如丁烯-1,可以从保持在高温下并由适当的反应物混合物连续供给的配体反应混合物中优势地连续地去除产物,作为馏分组分。