Conjugation of substituted naphthalimides to polyamines as cytotoxic agents targeting the Akt/mTOR signal pathway
作者:Zhi-yong Tian、Song-qiang Xie、Zi-hou Mei、Jin Zhao、Wen-yuan Gao、Chao-jie Wang
DOI:10.1039/b912685f
日期:——
Though several naphthalimide derivatives have exhibited antitumor activity in clinical trials, some issues such as toxicity prompted further structural modifications on the naphthalimide backbone. A series of naphthalimides conjugated with polyamines were synthesized to harness the polyamine transporter (PAT) for drug delivery, which was beneficial for the tumor cell selectivity. Bioevaluation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells treated with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or spermidine (Spd), human hepatoma Bel-7402 and normal QSG-7701 hepatocyte confirmed the PAT recognition and cell selectivity. In addition, the novel naphthalimide polyamine conjugate kills cellsviaapoptosis, and the Akt/mTOR signal pathway was first identified as the upstream cellular target through the apoptotic mechanism research. The presence of DFMO or Spd only either elevated or attenuated the cell apoptosis, but did not change the signal pathway. Collectively, the proper polyamine recognition element (i.e., homospermidine) mediated effective drug delivery via the PAT, and helped the proper cytotoxic goods (i.e., diverse naphthalimides) exert antitumor properties.
尽管在临床试验中,一些萘二甲酰亚胺衍生物表现出抗肿瘤活性,但一些问题,如毒性,促使对萘二甲酰亚胺骨架进行进一步的结构修饰。一系列与多胺共轭的萘二甲酰亚胺被合成,以利用多胺转运体(PAT)进行药物输送,这有利于肿瘤细胞的特异性。在用α-二氟甲基鸟氨酸(DFMO)或精胺(Spd)处理的人肝癌HepG2细胞、人肝癌Bel-7402和正常QSG-7701肝细胞中进行生物评估,证实了PAT识别和细胞选择性。此外,新型萘二甲酰亚胺多胺共轭物通过细胞凋亡杀死细胞,并通过凋亡机制研究首次确定了Akt/mTOR信号通路作为上游细胞靶标。DFMO或Spd的存在只会增强或减弱细胞凋亡,但不会改变信号通路。总之,适当的聚胺识别元件(即高精胺)通过PAT介导有效的药物输送,并帮助适当的细胞毒性物质(即各种萘二甲酰亚胺)发挥抗肿瘤特性。