腙是由醛或酮的羰基 (>C=O) 与一分子肼 (NH2NH2) 或取代肼(如苯肼 C6H5NHNH2)作用而成的缩合物。其中,醛和肼生成的缩合物称为醛腙,例如乙醛苯腙 CH3CH=NNH-C6H5;酮和肼生成的缩合物则称为酮腙,例如丙酮苯腙 (CH3)2C=NNH-C6H5。
大多数苯腙是白色固体,具有固定的结晶形态与熔点。在稀酸中水解,腙可分解为原来的肼及相应的醛或酮。因此,生成腙的反应是一种常用的方法,用于鉴定、分离和提纯醛、酮类化合物。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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黄烷酮腙 | flavanone hydrazone | 1692-46-2 | C15H14N2O |
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颜料黄101 | bis-(2-hydroxy-[1]naphthylmethylene)-hydrazine | 2387-03-3 | C22H16N2O2 |
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苯腙-2-丁酮 | butan-2-one phenylhydrazone | 1129-62-0 | C10H14N2 |
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苯甲醛苯腙 | benzaldehyde phenylhydrazone | 588-64-7 | C13H12N2 |
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苯甲醛缩氨基脲 | benzaldehyde semicarbazone | 1574-10-3 | C8H9N3O |
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苯甲醛对甲苯磺酰腙 | (E)-N'-benzylidene-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide | 1666-17-7 | C14H14N2O2S |
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苯戊酮甲苯磺酰腙 | valerophenone 4-methylphenylsulphonylhydrazone | 69015-74-3 | C18H22N2O2S |
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苯偶酰腙 | benzil monohydrazone | 5344-88-7 | C14H12N2O |
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苯乙酮对甲苯磺酰腙 | acetophenone p-toluenesulfonylhydrazone | 4545-21-5 | C15H16N2O2S |
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羰基氰化氯苯腙 | 3-chlorophenylhydrazonopropanedinitrile | 555-60-2 | C9H5ClN4 |
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美替沙腙 | metisazone | 1910-68-5 | C10H10N4OS |
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米托胍腙 | methylglyoxal bis-(guanylhydrazone) | 459-86-9 | C5H12N8 |
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碳酰氰 4-(三氟甲氧基)苯腙 | 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazonopropanedinitrile | 370-86-5 | C10H5F3N4O |
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硝呋烯腙盐酸盐 | Nitrovin hydrochloride | 2315-20-0 | C14H13ClN6O6 |
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硝呋烯腙 | nitrovin | 804-36-4 | C14H12N6O6 |
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硝呋地腙 | Nifuraldezone | 3270-71-1 | C7H6N4O5 |
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甲醛2,4-二硝基苯腙 | methanal 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone | 1081-15-8 | C7H6N4O4 |
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甲基丙烯醛-2,4-DNPH | Methacrolein-2,4-DNPH | 5077-73-6 | C10H10N4O4 |
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环戊酮对甲苯磺酰腙 | cyclopentanone p-tolylsulfonylhydrazone | 17529-98-5 | C12H16N2O2S |
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环戊酮半卡腙 | cyclopentanone semicarbazone | 5459-00-7 | C6H11N3O |
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环己酮对甲苯磺酰腙 | N'-cyclohexylidene-4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonohydrazide | 4545-18-0 | C13H18N2O2S |
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环己酮-2,4-二硝基苯腙 | cyclohexanone (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone | 1589-62-4 | C12H14N4O4 |
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水杨醛羰腙 | 1,5-bis(salicylidene)carbohydrazide | 6638-49-9 | C15H14N4O3 |
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氰氟虫腙 | metaflumizone | 139968-49-3 | C24H16F6N4O2 |
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氟蚁腙 | N-[1,5-bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]penta-1,4-dien-3-ylideneamino]-5,5-dimethyl-4,6-dihydro-1H-pyrimidin-2-amine | 67485-29-4 | C25H24F6N4 |
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格洛沙腙 | NSC-82116 | 2507-91-7 | C8H16N6OS2 |
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戊醛2,4-二硝基苯肼 | valeraldehyde-(2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazone) | 2057-84-3 | C11H14N4O4 |
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异烟醛 (4-吡啶亚甲基)腙 | 4-pyridinealdazine | 6957-22-8 | C12H10N4 |
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己醛-DNPH | 1-(hexylidene)-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine | 1527-97-5 | C12H16N4O4 |
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尼海屈腙 | N’-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide | 67-28-7 | C7H7N3O4 |
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尼屈昔腙 | nidroxyzone | 405-22-1 | C8H10N4O5 |
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尼可硫腙 | pyridine-3-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone | 555-90-8 | C7H8N4S |
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对-丙腙基吡啶甲酸N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯 | N-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-6-(2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl)nicotinate | 362522-50-7 | C13H14N4O4 |
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如瓦宗 | ruvazone | 20228-27-7 | C12H14N2O4 |
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奈比腙 | Nebidrazine | 55248-23-2 | C9H8Cl2N6 |
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吡啶-2-甲醛2-喹啉腙 | 2-quinolinylhydrazone-(2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde) | 7385-99-1 | C15H12N4 |
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吡啶-2-甲醛 (2-吡啶亚甲基)腙 | 2-pyridinealdazine | 6957-24-0 | C12H10N4 |
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双硫腙 | 1,5-diphenyl-thiocarbazone | 60-10-6 | C13H12N4S |
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二苯甲酮对家苯磺酰腙 | benzophenone tosylhydrazone | 4545-20-4 | C20H18N2O2S |
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二苯基酮苯腙 | benzophenone N-phenylhydrazone | 574-61-8 | C19H16N2 |
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二苯基咔唑酮 | 1,5-diphenyl-carbazone; compound with 1,5-diphenyl carbonohydrazide | 10329-15-4 | C13H12N4O*C13H14N4O |
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二氟吡隆 | diflufenzopyr | 109293-97-2 | C15H12F2N4O3 |
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二丙酮腙 | propan-2-one azine | 627-70-3 | C6H12N2 |
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乙醛2,4-二硝基苯腙 | acetaldehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine | 1019-57-4 | C8H8N4O4 |
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乙酰苯吖嗪 | acetophenonazine | 729-43-1 | C16H16N2 |
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乙基呋喃西林 | Hydrazinecarboxamide, 1-ethyl-2-((5-nitro-2-furanyl)methylene)- | 5579-89-5 | C8H10N4O4 |
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丙酮腙 | acetone hydrazone | 5281-20-9 | C3H8N2 |
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丙酮二甲腙 | Acetone dimethylhydrazone | 13483-31-3 | C5H12N2 |
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丙酮2,4-二硝基苯腙 | N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-N'-isopropylidene-hydrazine | 1567-89-1 | C9H10N4O4 |
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丁醛2,4-二硝基苯肼 | 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone of n-butanal | 1527-98-6 | C10H12N4O4 |
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