腙
腙是由醛或酮的羰基 (>C=O) 与一分子肼 (NH2NH2) 或取代肼（如苯肼 C6H5NHNH2）作用而成的缩合物。其中，醛和肼生成的缩合物称为醛腙，例如乙醛苯腙 CH3CH=NNH-C6H5；酮和肼生成的缩合物则称为酮腙，例如丙酮苯腙 (CH3)2C=NNH-C6H5。
大多数苯腙是白色固体，具有固定的结晶形态与熔点。在稀酸中水解，腙可分解为原来的肼及相应的醛或酮。因此，生成腙的反应是一种常用的方法，用于鉴定、分离和提纯醛、酮类化合物。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinylhydrazone | 7385-99-1 | C15H12N4 |
| —— | 1-{N'-[(E)-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylidene]hydrazinecarbonyl}formamide | 3270-71-1 | C7H6N4O5 |
| —— | (E)-1-butylidene-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine | 1527-98-6 | C10H12N4O4 |
| —— | 2-Phenylchroman-4-one hydrazone | 1692-46-2 | C15H14N2O |
| —— | Glutardialdehyd-2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazon | 5085-07-4 | C17H16N8O8 |
| —— | 2-[(Z)-N-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)carbamoylamino]-C-methylcarbonimidoyl]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid | 109293-97-2 | C15H12F2N4O3 |
| —— | Hydramethylnon | 67485-29-4 | C25H24F6N4 |
| —— | Diflufenzopyr | 1957168-02-3 | C15H12F2N4O3 |
| —— | N-(5-Nitrofurfurylidenamino)oxamide | 3270-71-1 | C7H6N4O5 |
| —— | N-[(Z)-(9-ethylcarbazol-3-yl)methylideneamino]-N-methylaniline | 75232-44-9 | C22H21N3 |
| —— | [(E)-[(1Z)-1-(carbamothioylhydrazinylidene)-3-ethoxybutan-2-ylidene]amino]thiourea | 2507-91-7 | C8H16N6OS2 |
| —— | (5-Nitro-furfurol)-acetylhydrazon | 67-28-7 | C7H7N3O4 |
| —— | 4-[(Z)-(diphenylhydrazinylidene)methyl]-N,N-diethylaniline | 68189-23-1 | C23H25N3 |
| —— | Contrapar | 2507-91-7 | C8H16N6OS2 |
| —— | Benzaldehyde, 4-(bis(phenylmethyl)amino)-2-methyl-, 2,2-diphenylhydrazone | 103079-11-4 | C34H31N3 |
| —— | 1-Pyrenecarboxaldehyde, 2,2-diphenylhydrazone | 95993-52-5 | C30H22N2 |
| —— | Hexanal, (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone | 1527-97-5 | C12H16N4O4 |
| —— | Pentanal, (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone | 2057-84-3 | C11H14N4O4 |
| —— | 2-Diphenylacetyl-1,3-indandion-1-hydrazon | 5102-79-4 | C23H18N2O2 |
| —— | (E)-N'-(1,2-diphenylethylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide | 19816-85-4 | C21H20N2O2S |
| —— | 2-keto-3-ethoxybutyraldehyde bis(thiosemicarbazone) | 2507-91-7 | C8H16N6OS2 |
| —— | anthracen-9-ylmethylene-hydrazine | 7512-18-7 | C15H12N2 |
| —— | (E)-2-hydrazono-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole | 1128-67-2 | C8H9N3S |
| —— | Dithizone | 60-10-6 | C13H12N4S |
| —— | Flavanone hydrazone | 1692-46-2 | C15H14N2O |
| —— | 2-pyridinecarbaldehyde 2-quinolylhydrazone | 190437-40-2 | C15H12N4 |
| —— | Citenazone | 21512-15-2 | C7H6N4S2 |
| —— | 5-nitro-furfural-(2-ethyl semicarbazone) | 5579-89-5 | C8H10N4O4 |
| —— | 9-Ethylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde N-Methyl-N-phenylhydrazone | 75232-44-9 | C22H21N3 |
| —— | N,N-dibenzyl-4-[(Z)-(diphenylhydrazinylidene)methyl]-3-methylaniline | 103079-11-4 | C34H31N3 |
| —— | 9-Ethylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde N-Ethyl-N-(m-tolyl)hydrazone | 81380-24-7 | C24H25N3 |
| —— | N-Ethylcarbazole-3-carbaldehyde (phenylmethylhydrazone) | 75232-44-9 | C22H21N3 |
| —— | 9-Ethylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde N-Butyl-N-phenylhydrazone | 88107-84-0 | C25H27N3 |
| —— | N,N-Dibenzyl-4-((2,2-diphenylhydrazono)methyl)-3-methylaniline | 103079-11-4 | C34H31N3 |
| —— | 9-Ethylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde N-Benzyl-N-phenylhydrazone | 75238-79-8 | C28H25N3 |
| —— | (E)-2-(1-(2-phenylhydrazono)ethyl)aniline | 1384268-60-3 | C14H15N3 |
| —— | (2Z)-2-benzylidene-1,1-dimethylhydrazine | 1075-70-3 | C9H12N2 |
| —— | (Z,Z)-Acetophenone azine | 729-43-1 | C16H16N2 |
| —— | Benzaldehyd-tosylhydrazon | 1666-17-7 | C14H14N2O2S |
| —— | ethyl pyruvate 3-formamido-4-methoxyphenyl-hydrazone | 107575-59-7 | C13H17N3O4 |
| —— | 9-ethyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde N,N-diphenylhydrazone | 73276-70-7 | C27H23N3 |
| —— | Benzaldehyde, 2-phenylhydrazone | 588-64-7 | C13H12N2 |
| —— | N'-(1,2-diphenylethylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide | 19816-85-4 | C21H20N2O2S |
| —— | Glutaraldehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone | 5085-07-4 | C17H16N8O8 |
| —— | Acrolein-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone | 888-54-0 | C9H8N4O4 |
| —— | (E)-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-2-pentylidenehydrazine | 2057-84-3 | C11H14N4O4 |
| —— | anti-Pyridin-2-aldehyd-4-nitrophenylhydrazon | 70421-66-8 | C12H10N4O2 |
| —— | 1-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-2-propylidenehydrazine | 725-00-8 | C9H10N4O4 |
| —— | 4-[(Z)-(diphenylhydrazinylidene)methyl]-3-methyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)-N-(3-methylphenyl)aniline | 103079-11-4 | C34H31N3 |
| —— | 4,6-dimethyl-N-[(E)-1-(2-methylphenyl)ethylideneamino]pyrimidin-2-amine | 77359-18-3 | C15H18N4 |
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