Micelle Formation of Protic Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution
作者:Dheiver Santos
DOI:10.1021/acs.jced.7b01053
日期:2018.5.10
ability of certain surfactant ionicliquids to reduce the surface tension of aqueous solutions and to aggregate in the form of micelles, even at low concentrations, allowing their use as stabilizing or destabilizing agents in homogeneous polymerization in water/oil emulsions. Within this context, this work aims to verify the possible micellar properties of the ionicliquids. Critical micellar concentration
The invention provides ionic liquids and processes for their preparation. The liquids may either comprise a cation of the formula (I); N
+
HR
1
R
2
R
3
(I) wherein R
1
is a group —R
4
—O—R
5
; R
2
and R
3
are each independently either hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, R
2
and R
3
may be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic group; R
4
is a divalent hydrocarbyl radical; and R
5
is hydrocarbyl; or a cation of the formula (II), N+HR6R7R8 (II) wherein R
6
is an alkanolyl group; R
7
is a hydrocarbyl group; and R
8
is either hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, or R
7
and R
8
may be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic group.
The present invention relates to ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation wherein the cation is a primary, secondary or tertiary ammonium ion containing a protonated nitrogen atom.
The present invention provides the efficacy-enhancing agent composition for an agricultural chemical containing at least one compound (A) selected from specific ethoxylate compounds, specific polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, specific polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, specific (poly)glycerol fatty acid esters, and specific alkyl saccharides; and at least one compound (B) selected from specific polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers and specific aliphatic alcohols.
The present invention relates to a method for growing a plant, including bringing a lignin decomposition product having an aldehyde yield by alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation of 10% by mass or more into contact with the plant.