CO2 Triggering and Controlling Orthogonally Multiresponsive Photochromic Systems
摘要:
We report a new generic method of reversibly controlling the photochromism of spiropyrans. It was found that the photochromic effect of spiropyrans can be reversibly switched on and off by addition and removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) to spiropyran in alcohol solutions containing an amidine (i.e., DBU) that acts as a CO2 sensitizer. Spiropyrans are not photochromic in the presence of DBU but photochromic when CO2 is subsequently added to the solution. The CO2 is readily removed by inert gas bubbling, thus allowing facile activation and deactivation of the photochromic effect. Carbon dioxide, without the presence of the sensitizing amidine, had no effect on photochromism of the spiropyrans. Other photochromic dyes classes such as spirooxazines and chromenes are not affected by this CO2/DBU stimulus. As a result, orthogonal activation of mixtures of spirooxazines and spiropyrans was achieved to provide four color states (clear, yellow, green, and blue) by varying the combinations of the stimuli of UV, visible light, CO2, and CO2 depleted. This finding now permits the many applications using spiropyrans to be CO2 responsive.
Synthesis of Spiropyrans As Building Blocks for Molecular Switches and Dyads
作者:Christoph Beyer、Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
DOI:10.1021/jo100309r
日期:2010.4.16
The synthesis of spiropyrans was improved significantly with use of ultrasonic radiation. To show the broad applicability of this methodology a range of spiropyrans were prepared which are equipped with iodo, hydroxyl, ethinyl, or azido groups as potential buildingblocks for conjugation to functional π-systems or biopolymers. Representatively, the conjugation chemistry was demonstrated for the preparation