Designing analogs of ticlopidine, a wall teichoic acid inhibitor, to avoid formation of its oxidative metabolites
摘要:
The thienopyridine antiplatelet agent, ticlopidine and its analog, clopidogrel, have been shown to potentiate the action of beta-lactam antibiotics, reversing the methicillin-resistance phenotype of methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in vitro. Interestingly, these thienopyridines inhibit the action of TarO, the first enzyme in the synthesis of wall teichoic acid, an important cell wall polymer in Gram-positive bacteria. In the human body, both ticlopidine and clopidogrel undergo a rapid P450-dependent oxidation into their respective antiplatelet-active metabolites, resulting in very low plasma concentrations of intact drug. Herein, a series of analogs of ticlopidine and clopidogrel that would avoid oxidative metabolism were designed, prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of TarO. Specifically, we replaced the P450-labile thiophene ring of ticlopidine and clopidogrel to a more stable phenyl group to generate 2-(2-chlorobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline) (6) and (2-chloro-phenyl)-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin- 2-yl)-acetic acid methyl ester (22), respectively. The latter molecules displayed inhibitory activity against TarO and formed the basis of a library of analogs. Most synthesized compounds exhibited comparable efficacy to ticlopidine and clopidogrel. So far, it was introduction of a trifluoromethyl group to compound 6, to generate 2-(2-trifluoromethyl-benzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline (13) that exhibited enhanced activity against TarO. Compound 13 represents a novel stable inhibitor of TarO with synergistic impact on b-lactam antibiotics against MRSA and low potential for P-450 metabolism. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of tertiary amines by direct Brønsted acid catalyzed reductive amination
作者:Mohanad A. Hussein、An H. Dinh、Vien T. Huynh、Thanh Vinh Nguyen
DOI:10.1039/d0cc02955f
日期:——
reductive amination reaction of carbonyl compounds. Despite developments of numerous new reductive amination methods in the past few decades, this reaction generally requires non-atom-economic processes with harsh conditions and toxic transition-metal catalysts. Herein, we report simple yet practical protocols using triflic acid as a catalyst to efficiently promote the direct reductive amination reactions
A corrosion inhibiting compound with a general structure A-B or A-X-B for inhibition of corrosion of steel in acidic solution. A comprises a heterocyclic ring system having a plurality of cyclic Carbon atoms and at least one cyclic Nitrogen atom, wherein the at least one cyclic Nitrogen atom is neutral under neutral conditions and protonatable under acidic conditions. B comprises at least two unsaturated Carbon atoms. B may comprise a ring system or a polymerisable group.
A corrosion inhibiting compound with a general structure A-B or A-X-B for inhibition of corrosion of steel in acidic solution. A comprises a heterocyclic ring system having a plurality of cyclic Carbon atoms and at least one cyclic Nitrogen atom, wherein the at least one cyclic Nitrogen atom is neutral under neutral conditions and protonatable under acidic conditions. B comprises at least two unsaturated Carbon atoms. B may comprise a ring system or a polymerisable group.
An antibacterial composition is provided including a combination of a β-lactam antibiotic that has a binding affinity for bacterial penicillin-binding protein 2; and a non-antibiotic compound which may be a thienopyridine or a non-thienopyridine compound. A method of treatment using the composition is also provided.
[EN] NOVEL ANTIBACTERIAL COMBINATION THERAPY<br/>[FR] NOUVEAU TRAITEMENT COMBINÉ ANTIBACTÉRIEN
申请人:UNIV MCMASTER
公开号:WO2012162814A1
公开(公告)日:2012-12-06
An antibacterial composition is provided including a combination of a β-lactam antibiotic that has a binding affinity for bacterial penicillin-binding protein 2; and a non-antibiotic compound which may be a thienopyridine or a non-thienopyridine compound. A method of treatment using the composition is also provided.