作者:J L Raucy、S W Allen
DOI:10.1038/sj.tpj.6500044
日期:2001.3.1
P450 enzymes comprise a superfamily of heme-containing proteins that catalyze oxidative metabolism of structurally diverse chemicals. Over the past few years, there has been significant progress in P450 research on many fronts and the information gained is currently being applied to both drug development and clinical practice. Recently, a major accomplishment occurred when the structure of a mammalian P450 was determined by crystallography. Results from these studies will have a major impact on understanding structure-activity relationships of P450 enzymes and promote prediction of drug interactions. In addition, new technologies have facilitated the identification of several new P450 alleles. This information will profoundly affect our understanding of the causes attributed to interindividual variations in drug responses and link these differences to efficacy or toxicity of many therapeutic agents. Finally, the recent accomplishments towards constructing P450 null animals have afforded determination of the role of these enzymes in toxicity. Moreover, advances have been made towards the construction of humanized transgenic animals and plants. Overall, the outcome of recent developments in the P450 arena will be safer and more efficient drug therapies.
P450 酶由含血红素的蛋白质超家族组成,可催化结构不同的化学物质的氧化代谢。在过去的几年里,P450研究在许多方面都取得了重大进展,所获得的信息目前正在应用于药物开发和临床实践。最近,通过晶体学确定了哺乳动物 P450 的结构,这是一项重大成就。这些研究的结果将对理解 P450 酶的结构-活性关系并促进药物相互作用的预测产生重大影响。此外,新技术还促进了几个新的 P450 等位基因的鉴定。这些信息将深刻影响我们对药物反应个体差异原因的理解,并将这些差异与许多治疗药物的功效或毒性联系起来。最后,最近在构建 P450 无效动物方面取得的成就已经确定了这些酶在毒性中的作用。此外,人源化转基因动物和植物的构建也取得了进展。总体而言,P450 领域的最新发展成果将是更安全、更有效的药物疗法。