AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) has prevailed as a chronic health condition and has become a serious global health issue due to its numerous consequences and high prevalence. We have synthesized a series of hydrazone derivatives and tested their antidiabetic potential by inhibiting the essential carbohydrate catabolic enzyme, “α‐glucosidase.” Several approaches including fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR were utilized to confirm the structures of all the synthesized derivatives. In vitro analysis of compounds 3a–3p displayed more effective inhibitory activities against α‐glucosidase with IC50 in a range of 2.80–29.66 µM as compared with the commercially available inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 M). Compound 3h showed the highest inhibitory potential with an IC50 value of 2.80 ± 0.03 µM, followed by 3i (IC50 = 4.13 ± 0.06 µM), 3f (IC50 = 5.18 ± 0.10 µM), 3c (IC50 = 5.42 ± 0.11 µM), 3g (IC50 = 6.17 ± 0.15 µM), 3d (IC50 = 6.76 ± 0.20 µM), 3a (IC50 = 9.59 ± 0.14 µM), and 3n (IC50 = 10.01 ± 0.42 µM). Kinetics analysis of the most potent compound 3h revealed a concentration‐dependent form of inhibition by 3h with Ki value = 4.76 ± 0.0068 µM. Additionally, an in silico docking approach was applied to predict the binding patterns of all the compounds, which indicates that the hydrazide and the naphthalene‐ol groups play a vital role in the binding of the compounds with the essential residues (i.e., Glu277 and Gln279) of the α‐glucosidase enzyme.
摘要 糖尿病(DM)是一种慢性疾病,由于其后果多、发病率高,已成为一个严重的全球健康问题。我们合成了一系列腙类衍生物,并通过抑制重要的碳水化合物分解酶 "α-葡萄糖苷酶 "测试了它们的抗糖尿病潜力。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱、1H NMR 和 13C NMR 等多种方法确认了所有合成衍生物的结构。化合物 3a-3p 的体外分析表明,与市售抑制剂阿卡波糖(IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 M)相比,其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性更强,IC50 在 2.80-29.66 µM 之间。化合物 3h 显示出最高的抑制潜力,IC50 值为 2.80 ± 0.03 µM,其次是 3i(IC50 = 4.13 ± 0.06 µM)、3f(IC50 = 5.18 ± 0.10 µM)、3c(IC50 = 5.42 ± 0.11 µM)、3g(IC50 = 6.17 ± 0.15 µM)、3d(IC50 = 6.76 ± 0.20 µM)、3a(IC50 = 9.59 ± 0.14 µM)和 3n(IC50 = 10.01 ± 0.42 µM)。对最强化合物 3h 的动力学分析表明,3h 的抑制作用与浓度有关,Ki 值 = 4.76 ± 0.0068 µM。此外,还采用了一种硅学对接方法来预测所有化合物的结合模式,结果表明,酰肼和萘酚基团在化合物与α-葡萄糖苷酶的重要残基(即 Glu277 和 Gln279)结合过程中发挥了重要作用。