Compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds are disclosed, wherein the compounds have the structure of Formula I
wherein X, R
1
, R
2a
, R
2b
, R
4a
, R
4b
, R
5a
, R
5b
, R
6
, R
7
, R
10
, R
11
, and y are as defined in the specification. Corresponding pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, methods of synthesis, and intermediates are also disclosed.
Intramolecular addition reactions of functionalized arylcarbenes to double bonds
作者:Wolfgang Kirmse、Guenter Hoemberger
DOI:10.1021/ja00010a038
日期:1991.5
was found to compete with intramolecular addition to the doublebonds. The product distributions are strongly affected by triplet sensitization, in contrast to those of analogous intermolecular reactions. The singlet and triplet components of the intramolecular processes were dissected and evaluated in terms of k S /k ST and k T /k TS rate ratios. Intramolecularcycloaddition reactions of singlet arylcarbenes
通过重氮前体的光解在甲醇中生成具有不饱和邻位取代基(乙烯基氧基、1-丙烯氧基、烯丙基、2-丁烯基、2,4-戊二烯基)的芳基卡宾。发现分子间 OH 插入与双键的分子内加成竞争。与类似的分子间反应相比,三线态敏化强烈影响产物分布。根据 k S /k ST 和 k T /k TS 速率比对分子内过程的单线态和三线态成分进行剖析和评估。单线态芳基卡宾的分子内环加成反应效率很低,可能是由于需要围绕外环 C-CH: 键旋转。相比之下,相对于分子间类似物,三重芳基卡宾的非集中分子内加成强烈加速。最有可能的,
The effect of the benzene ring on 1,5-electrocyclizations: Synthesis and thermolysis of optically active benzohomofuran, benzohomothiophene, N-carbmethoxyhomoindole, benzohomophosphole and homoindene.
作者:Frank-Gerrit Klärner、Annette E. Kleine、Dirk Oebels、Friedrich Scheidt
DOI:10.1016/s0957-4166(00)86091-7
日期:1993.3
Carbonyl ylide-like intermediates are involved in the 1,5-electrocyclization of the benzo-heterocycles 3a-d mentioned in the title. The activation barriers analyzed by the time- and temperature-dependence of the racemisation of the optically active derivatives turned out to be higher by DELTADELTAG(not-equal) = 13 +/- 2 kcal/mol than those determined for the parent systems 1a-d whereas for the corresponding carbocycles 3d and 1d the difference is only DELTADELTAG(not-equal) almost-equal-to 4 kcal/mol as expected from the difference between the bond dissociation energies of toluene and propene (DELTABDE = 3.2 kcal/mol). This result can be considered as an evidence for the electrocyclic character of the ring-opening in the heterocycles 1a-d and 3a-d. The difference between the Gibbs activation enthalpies found for the ring-opening of homofuran 1a and homothiophene 1b (DELTADELTAG(not-equal) = 8.7 kcal/mol) can be attributed to the heteroatom effect on the ground state.