GERMANIUM (II) SULFIDE | 12025-32-0

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属硫化物及硫酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 类金属有机物
• 英文名称: GERMANIUM (II) SULFIDE
• 英文别名: germanethiol
• CAS: 12025-32-0
• 化学式: GeH₄S
• 分子量: 108.688
• InChiKey: PAEGBXVEIWMFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  615 °C (lit.)
• 沸点：
  1503.99°C (estimate)
• 密度：
  4.100
• 稳定性/保质期：
  干燥的一硫化锗在空气中稳定。它只能从弱酸性或碱性溶液中制得，当酸度增加时会重新溶解。此外，在室温下，一硫化锗与氯化氢反应也会分解。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.8
• 重原子数：
  2.0
• 可旋转键数：
  0.0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0.0
• 氢给体数：
  1.0
• 氢受体数：
  1.0

安全信息

• 安全说明：
  S22,S24/25
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 储存条件：
  室温

SDS

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Section 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE
Product identifiers
Product name : Germanium(II) sulfide
CAS-No. : 12025-32-0
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances

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Section 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Classification of the substance or mixture
Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to EC-directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC.
Label elements
The product does not need to be labelled in accordance with EC directives or respective national laws.
Other hazards - none

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Section 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Substances
Formula : GeS
Molecular Weight : 104,71 g/mol

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Section 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
Description of first aid measures
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
In case of eye contact
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
no data available

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Section 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Sulphur oxides, Germanium oxides
Advice for firefighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
The product itself does not burn.

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Section 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
Environmental precautions
Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.

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Section 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Precautions for safe handling
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Specific end uses
no data available

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Section 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Control parameters
Components with workplace control parameters
Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
General industrial hygiene practice.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards
such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Body Protection
Choose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount of dangerous
substances, and to the specific work-place., The type of protective equipment must be selected
according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired,
use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Use respirators and components tested and
approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

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Section 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: solid
b) Odour no data available
c) Odour Threshold no data available
d) pH no data available
e) Melting point/freezing Melting point/range: 615 °C
point
f) Initial boiling point and no data available
boiling range
g) Flash point not applicable
h) Evaporation rate no data available
i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available
j) Upper/lower no data available
flammability or
explosive limits
k) Vapour pressure no data available
l) Vapour density no data available
m) Relative density no data available
n) Water solubility no data available
o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available
octanol/water
p) Autoignition no data available
temperature
q) Decomposition no data available
temperature
r) Viscosity no data available
s) Explosive properties no data available
t) Oxidizing properties no data available
Other safety information
no data available

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Section 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Reactivity
no data available
Chemical stability
no data available
Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
Other decomposition products - no data available

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Section 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
IARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
Potential health effects
Inhalation May be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion May be harmful if swallowed.
Skin May be harmful if absorbed through skin. May cause skin irritation.
Eyes May cause eye irritation.
Additional Information
RTECS: Not available

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Section 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Toxicity
no data available
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
no data available
Mobility in soil
no data available
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
no data available
Other adverse effects
no data available

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Section 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Waste treatment methods
Product
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.

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Section 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
UN number
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
UN proper shipping name
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods
IMDG: Not dangerous goods
IATA: Not dangerous goods
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
Packaging group
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: no IMDG Marine pollutant: no IATA: no
Special precautions for user
no data available

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SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
N/A

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

硫化锗 性能

硫化锗具有独特的光学和电子变换性能，以及高稳定性、储量丰富、环境友好、低毒等优点。更重要的是其禁带宽度较小，使得硫化锗薄膜具有吸收单电子的多态激子潜力，有望应用于新型光电探测器件。

概述

中文名： 硫化锗 英文名： Germanium disulphide
分子式： GeS2 性状： 白色粉末
溶解性： 不溶于水和无机酸（包括强酸），易溶于热碱
稳定性： 不稳定，高温易升华和被氧化，在潮湿空气或惰性气氛中离解

基本信息

• 中文名： 硫化锗
• 英文名： Germanium disulphide
• 分子式： GeS2
• 性状： 白色粉末
• 溶解性： 不溶于水和无机酸（包括强酸），易溶于热碱，溶于氨或硫化二氨中生成亚酰胺锗
• 密度： 2.19 g/cm³
• 熔点： 800℃

主要性质

1. 硫化锗是白色粉末，不溶于水和无机酸（包括强酸），易溶于热碱。
2. 密度为2.19 g/cm³，熔点为800℃。

生产方法 方法一

• 将锗与硫磺在1000℃直接合成；
• 在硫化氢气流中将锗加热到850℃升华；
• 在氢气流中使二硫化锗分解；
• 使二硫化锗与锗一起共同加热；
• 使硫化氢及氢在二氧化锗中反应等。

方法二

1. 将5g二氧化锗置于250mL烧杯中，用水润湿，加入25mL 10mol/L氢氧化钠水溶液，平稳地加热。
2. 溶液冷却后，用6mol/L盐酸中和（不可沸腾，避免所生成的四氯化锗挥发）。
3. 继续加入盐酸直到已沉淀的氢氧化锗重新溶解为止。
4. 将约150mL透明溶液移至500mL三角烧瓶中，加入50mL浓盐酸（使溶液的酸度为3mol/L），再加入25g 50％的次磷酸，在水浴上加热2～4h。
5. 将此溶液在水中冷却，用50～60mL浓氨水进行中和，直到所生成的氢氧化锗的沉淀不再消失。在加压下向此溶液通入硫化氢直至饱和。
6. 收集生成的红棕色沉淀，并用以盐酸调至微酸性的水洗涤，在五氧化二磷上进行干燥。

参考文献

1. 百度百科
2. 李忠东. 太阳能研究新成果[J]. 太阳能, 2013(2):39-41.
3. 徐键, 夏海平, 张约品, 等. 不同先驱体溶胶-凝胶法制备的硫化锗玻璃薄膜[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2004, 32(8):1029-1032.

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  digermyl sulfide 、 硫化氢 生成 GERMANIUM (II) SULFIDE
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Drake, J. E.; Riddle, C., Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical, 1968, p. 2709 - 2715

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Electric discharge reactions of silane and germane with some volatile group VI species
  作者：J. E. Drake、C. Riddle

  DOI：10.1039/j19700003134

  日期：——

  discharge on equimolar mixtures of the following hydrides: SiH4/H2S, SiH4/H2Se, GeH4/H2S, GeH4/H2Se, SiH4/GeH4/H2S, SiH4/GeH4/H2Se, SiH4/MeSH, and GeH4/MeSH, has been investigated. Analysis of the reaction products by 1H n.m.r. and mass spectroscopy indicates the formation of the previously known mixed and ternary hydrides: SiH3SH, (SiH3)2S, SiH3SeH, (SiH3)2Se, GeH3SH, (GeH3)2S, GeH3SeH, (GeH3)2Se,

  无声放电对以下氢化物的等摩尔混合物的作用：SiH 4 / H 2 S，SiH 4 / H 2 Se，GeH 4 / H 2 S，GeH 4 / H 2 Se，SiH 4 / GeH 4 / H已经研究了2 S，SiH 4 / GeH 4 / H 2 Se，SiH 4 / MeSH和GeH 4 / MeSH。通过1 H核磁共振和质谱分析反应产物表明形成了先前已知的混合和三元氢化物：SiH 3 SH，（SiH3） 2 S，SiH 3 SeH，（SiH 3） 2 Se，GeH 3 SH，（GeH 3） 2 S，GeH 3 SeH，（GeH 3） 2 Se，MeSSiH 3和MeSGeH 3。新化合物SiH 3 SGeH 3和SiH 3 SeGeH 3从三元混合物的放电中获得。
• Reactions of monogermylarsine and monogermylphosphine with water and hydrogen sulphide
  作者：J. E. Drake、C. Riddle

  DOI：10.1039/j19680002709

  日期：——

  Water assists the condensation of monogermylarsine and monogermylphosphine to form the trigermyl species by way of digermylarsine and digermylphosphine both of which are isolated. On the other hand, hydrogen sulphide reacts with the monogermyl species to give digermyl sulphide by way of germanethiol. The reactions have been followed by 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy, and the spectra of several of the compounds

  水通过分离的二锗麦草碱和二锗烷基膦的方式辅助单锗烷基赖氨酸和单锗烷基膦的缩合形成三锗烷基物质。另一方面，硫化氢通过锗烷硫醇与单锗烷基物质反应生成二锗烷基硫化物。反应之后是1 H nmr光谱，并讨论了几种化合物的光谱。比较了单锗烷基-s基和-膦的制备方法。
• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: SVol.4a/b, 1.3.10.1.4, page 260 - 262
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: SVol.4a/b, 1.3.10.2.1, page 269 - 269
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• N.M.R. studies of mixed group 4/group 6 hydrides
  作者：C. Glidewell、D. W. H. Rankin、G. M. Sheldrick

  DOI：10.1039/tf9696501409

  日期：——