Mapping the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding Site by Conformationally Restrained Derivatives of 1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-<i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide (PK11195)
作者:Andrea Cappelli、Maurizio Anzini、Salvatore Vomero、Pier G. De Benedetti、Maria Cristina Menziani、Gianluca Giorgi、Cristina Manzoni
DOI:10.1021/jm960516m
日期:1997.8.1
in binding studies using [3H]-1, and most of these showed PBR affinities in the nanomolar range. The essential role of the carbonyl moiety as a primary pharmacophoric element in the recognition by and the binding to PBR has been confirmed, and the restricted range of the carbonyl orientations, which characterizes the most potent ligands, points to a specific hydrogen-bonding interaction, mainly directed
Palladium-Catalyzed Markovnikov Hydroaminocarbonylation of 1,1-Disubstituted and 1,1,2-Trisubstituted Alkenes for Formation of Amides with Quaternary Carbon
Hydroaminocarbonylation of alkenes is one of the most promising yet challenging methods for the synthesis of amides. Herein, we reported the development of a novel and effective Pd-catalyzed Markovnikov hydroaminocarbonylation of 1,1-disubstituted or 1,1,2-trisubstituted alkenes with aniline hydrochloride salts to afford amides bearing an α quaternary carbon. The reaction makes use of readily available
Mapping and Fitting the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding Site by Carboxamide Derivatives. Comparison of Different Approaches to Quantitative Ligand−Receptor Interaction Modeling
electrostatic contribution to the interaction (CoMFA, CoMSIA, and surface approaches) perform well, but they do not improve the quantitative models. Moreover, useful hints for the identification of the antagonist bindingsite in the three-dimensional modeling of the receptor (direct approach) were provided by the receptor hypothesis derived by the pharmacophoric approach. The ligand-receptor complexes
(including anilines, amines, amino acids, peptides, aryl-1,3-dienes, alyl-1,3-dienes) and tolerates a wide range of functional groups, thus providing a facile and effective approach to access a diverse array of α-substituted β,γ-unsaturated amides. Mechanistic investigations suggested that the hydropalladation of dienes is irreversible, and the insertion of CO into the allyl-Pd species is probably the
共轭二烯的烃基化是合成羰基化合物最有前途但最具挑战性的方法之一。在此,我们报道了前所未有的钯催化的 1,3-二烯与 CO 和胺盐酸盐的支化选择性 3,4-氢氨基羰基化反应,得到β,γ-不饱和酰胺。该反应采用现成的起始材料(包括苯胺、胺、氨基酸、肽、芳基 1,3-二烯、芳基 1,3-二烯)并可耐受多种官能团,因此提供了一种简便有效的方法访问各种α -取代的β,γ-不饱和酰胺。机理研究表明,二烯的加氢钯化反应是不可逆的,将 CO 插入烯丙基钯物种中可能是限速步骤。