Electrochemically stable onium salts and electrolytes containing such for electrochemical capacitors
申请人:The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army
公开号:US06743947B1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-01
Based on the discovery that the melting point and solubility of onium salts are affected by the asymmetry of the substitution on cation, and that the branched substituents effectively shield onium cations from electrochemical reduction, new onium salts are synthesized and high performance electrolytes based on these salts for electrochemical capacitor are provided. The composition of the new electrolyte comprises an onium salt or mixture of such onium salts dissolved in aprotic, non-aqueous solvents or mixture of such solvents. The electrolyte is able to perform at high rate of charge/discharge, at low ambient temperatures, and within wide operating voltage, due to the high solubility, low melting temperature, and the improved reduction stability of the new onium cations, respectively.
基于发现,随着阳离子置换的不对称性,onium盐的熔点和溶解度受到影响,并且支链取代基有效地保护onium阳离子免受电化学还原作用的影响,合成了新的onium盐,并提供了基于这些盐的高性能电化学电容器电解质。新电解质的组成包括溶解在无水,非水溶剂或这类溶剂混合物中的onium盐或这类onium盐的混合物。由于新onium阳离子的高溶解度,低熔点和改善的还原稳定性,该电解质能够在高速充放电率,低环境温度和宽工作电压范围内发挥作用。