2,2-dibutylmalononitrile | 27947-14-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氮化合物
• 英文名称: 2,2-dibutylmalononitrile
• 英文别名: dibutylmalononitrile；5,5-dicyanononane；Di-n-butylmalononitril；Di-n-butylmalonitril；Dibutyl-malodinitril；Dibutylmalonitril；2,2-dibutylpropanedinitrile
• CAS: 27947-14-4
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₈N₂
• 分子量: 178.277
• InChiKey: IRALALYUIOLJEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  294.8±13.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  0.905±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.7
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.82
• 拓扑面积：
  47.6
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,2-dibutylmalononitrile 在 二叔丁基过氧化物 、 三(三甲基硅基)硅烷 作用下， 以 苯 为溶剂， 反应 4.0h， 以79%的产率得到2-butylhexanenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  三(三甲基甲硅烷基)硅烷介导的丙二腈还原脱氰和氰基转移反应

  摘要：

  丙二腈的还原脱氰反应是用三（三甲基甲硅烷基）硅烷作为自由基介体实现的。该反应通过自由基链机制进行，包括甲硅烷基自由基加成到丙二腈以形成亚胺酰基自由基，然后α-裂解得到甲硅烷基异氰化物和α-氰基自由基。3-丁烯基取代的丙二腈的反应通过1,4-氰基转移以良好的产率提供了脱氰基/氰基硅烷化产物。

  DOI：

  10.1246/cl.171231
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  Di-n-butylsulfonium-dicyanmethylid 在 三苯基膦 作用下， 生成 2,2-dibutylmalononitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Wallenfels,K. et al., Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1976, p. 656 - 665

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Highly robust tetrazolate based complexes for efficient and long-term stable dye sensitized solar cells
  作者：Tharallah A. Shoker、Ralph Tanios、Remi Fayad、Tarek H. Ghaddar

  DOI：10.1039/c5ra11984g

  日期：——

  We report a new family of Ru^II complexes that bear tetrazolate based ligands with superb long-term stability.

  我们报道了一种新的Ru^II配合物家族，其搭配四唑基配体，具有极好的长期稳定性。
• Synthesis and properties of some novel nonionic polyol surfactants
  作者：Catherine B. A. Briggs、Ian M. Newington、Alan R. Pitt

  DOI：10.1039/c39950000379

  日期：——

  A homologous series of nonionic surfactants 4 based on sugar lactones has been synthesised and evaluated.

  我们合成并评估了基于糖内酯的同源系列非离子表面活性剂 4。
• Phase transfer catalysis of heterogeneous reactions by quaternary salts
  申请人：Continental Oil Company

  公开号：US03992432A1

  公开（公告）日：1976-11-16

  A process for catalyzing heterogeneous ionic organic reactions in a system of multiple liquid phases in which at least two of the reactants are each located in a different phase with respect to the other, the phases containing such reactants differing in polarity. Catalysis is effected by introducing to the system one of certain organic quaternary salts which are more soluble in the least polar reactant-containing phase than in the other reactant-containing phases. The quaternary salt catalysts utilized have the general structural formula (AM).sup.+X.sup.- where A is an organic portion of the salt molecule bonded to M by four covalent linkages, and preferably comprises a plurality of hydrocarbon radicals of either monovalent or polyvalent character, M is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth, and X.sup.- is an anion which will dissociate from the cation (AM).sup.+ in an aqueous environment, and is preferably selected from the group consisting of halogen and hydroxyl anions.

  一种用于在多种液相系统中催化异相离子有机反应的方法，其中至少有两个反应物分别位于与另一个不同相中，包含这些反应物的相在极性上不同。通过向系统中引入某些有机季铵盐催化剂来催化反应，这些催化剂在最不极性的反应物相中比在其他反应物相中更易溶解。所使用的季铵盐催化剂具有一般结构式(AM)。+X-，其中A是盐分子的有机部分，通过四个共价键与M结合，优选包括单价或多价性质的多个碳氢基团，M选自氮、磷、砷、锑和铋等元素组成的群体中，X-是一种离子，在水环境中会从阳离子(AM)。+中解离，优选选择卤素和羟基离子。
• Notes-Alkylation Reactions in Dimethyl Sulfoxide
  作者：Jordan Bloomfield

  DOI：10.1021/jo01068a605

  日期：1961.10
• Realization of the synthesis of α,α-disubstituted carbamylacetates and cyanoacetates by either enzymatic or chemical functional group transformation, depending upon the substrate specificity of Rhodococcus amidase
  作者：Masahiro Yokoyama、Mieko Kashiwagi、Masakazu Iwasaki、Ken-ichi Fuhshuku、Hiromichi Ohta、Takeshi Sugai

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.04.047

  日期：2004.9

  Substrate specificity and enantioselectivity of nitrile hydratase and amidase from R. rhodochrous IFO 15564 has been studied by applying a series of alpha,alpha-disubstituted malononitriles and related substrates. The amidase preferentially hydrolyzed the pro-(R) carbamyl group (amide) of the prochiral diamides, an intermediate resulting from the action of nitrile hydratase in a nonenantiotopic group-selective manner. The introduction of a fluorine atom at the alpha-position caused an inhibitory effect on amidase. By a combination of this microbial transformation and the subsequent Hofmann rearrangement, an important precursor of (S)methyldopa with 98.4% ee has been prepared. For the enzymatically poor substrate, the action on HO3SONO-H2O on the carbamyl group was effective, leaving the cyano group intact. This conversion is demonstrated as the key step for the expeditious preparation of (+/-)-alpha-cyano-alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylacetic acid (CFPA) from diethyl alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylmalonate. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.