作者:Alexander J. FATIADI
DOI:10.1055/s-1978-24703
日期:——
Recent applications of malononitrile in organic chemistry are reviewed; an overview of the chemistry of substituted malononitriles is also included. New trends, mechanisms and synthetic methods employing malononitriles are discussed. Among other topics, this survey includes new information on malononitrile dimers and trimers, new Knoevenagel and Michael condensation reactions, reactions with cyclic polyketones, quinones, sulfur and organometallic compounds, and the synthesis of new heterocycles, pesticides, charge-transfer complexes, and solvatochromic dyes. 1. Introduction 2. Scope of the Review 3. Methods of Preparation 4. Toxicity and Handling 5. Physical Properties 6. Spectral Properties 7. Chemical Reactivity 8. Analysis 9. Dimerization 10. Trimerization 11. The Knoevenagel and Related Reactions 12. Syntheses via the Michael Reaction 13. Reaction of Cyclic Polyketones with Malononitrile 14. Reaction of Quinones with Malononitrile 15. Quinodimethanes 16. Pyrans, Thiapyrans, and Pyrylium and Thiapyrylium Salts 17. Reactions of Tropones, Tropolones, and Tropylium Salts with Malononitrile 18. Reaction of Cyclooctatrienone with Malononitrile 19. Miscellaneous Applications 20. Industrial Applications 21. Addenda
最近对马洛酰腈在有机化学中的应用进行了回顾;同时也包括了替代马洛酰腈的化学概述。讨论了使用马洛酰腈的新趋势、机制和合成方法。在其他主题中,此调查包括有关马洛酰腈二聚体和三聚体的新信息、新的Knoevenagel和Michael缩合反应、与环状多酮、醌、硫和有机金属化合物的反应,以及新杂环、农药、电荷转移复合物和溶剂铬染料的合成。
1. 引言
2. 综述范围
3. 制备方法
4. 毒性及处理
5. 物理性质
6. 光谱性质
7. 化学反应性
8. 分析
9. 二聚化
10. 三聚化
11. Knoevenagel及相关反应
12. 通过Michael反应的合成
13. 环状多酮与马洛酰腈的反应
14. 醌与马洛酰腈的反应
15. 醌二甲烷
16. 吡喃、噻吡喃及噁吡啶和噻吡啶盐
17. 特罗庞、特罗波烯和特罗硫盐与马洛酰腈的反应
18. 环辛三烯酮与马洛酰腈的反应
19. 杂项应用
20. 工业应用
21. 附录