Synthesis and Properties of Novel Bifunctional Nitrosamines with .OMEGA.-Chloroalkyl Groups.
作者:Satoko ISHIKAWA、Noriko SAITOH、Masataka MOCHIZUKI
DOI:10.1248/cpb.48.1500
日期:——
Novel N-nitroso-N-(acetoxymethyl)-ω-chloroalkylamines were synthesized and their chemical and biological properties were evaluated. The nitrosamines were expected to decompose through ω-chloroalkyldiazohydroxides in aqueous solution, and then to alkylate various cellular macromolecules. N-Nitroso-N-(acetoxymethyl)-2-chloroethylamine rapidly decomposed in aqueous solution, and the reaction rate was apparently independent of the pH of the solution. On the other hand, the rate of decomposition of chloropropyl and chlorobutyl homologs was pH-dependent, and increased in alkaline solution. When mutagenicity was assayed in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and TA92 for preliminary evaluation, all three compounds were directly mutagenic. The mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, which can detect base-pair change mutation, clearly showed that these compounds induced DNA alkylation in vivo. The increase of alkyl chain lenght in chloroalkyl compounds increased the mutagenic activity, and the activities were stronger than those of the corresponding simple α-acetoxy nitrosamines lacking a chloro group, N-nitroso-N-(acetoxymethyl)alkylamines. Furthermore, the positive result in TA92 suggested that chlorinated nitrosamines cross-linked DNA like antitumor chloroethylnitrosoureas and that they are expected to be new lead compounds for antitumor agents.
合成了新型 N-亚硝基-N-(乙酰氧甲基)-ω-氯烷基胺,并对其化学和生物学特性进行了评估。预计亚硝胺在水溶液中会通过ω-氯烷基二唑氢氧化物分解,然后烷基化各种细胞大分子。N-亚硝基-N-(乙酰氧甲基)-2-氯乙胺在水溶液中迅速分解,其反应速率显然与溶液的 pH 值无关。另一方面,氯丙基和氯丁基同系物的分解速度与 pH 值有关,在碱性溶液中分解速度加快。在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA1535 和 TA92 中进行诱变性初步评估时,三种化合物都具有直接诱变性。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA1535 可检测碱基对变化突变,其诱变性清楚地表明这些化合物可诱导体内 DNA 烷基化。氯烷基化合物中烷基链长度的增加提高了诱变活性,其活性强于相应的缺少氯基的α-乙酰氧基亚硝胺,即 N-亚硝基-N-(乙酰氧甲基)烷基胺。此外,在 TA92 中的阳性结果表明,氯化亚硝胺与抗肿瘤的氯乙基亚硝基脲类一样会交联 DNA,有望成为抗肿瘤药物的新先导化合物。